Brooks Brian L, Weaver Linda E, Scialfa Charles T
University of Calgary, Department of Psychology, Calgary, AB, Canada.
Clin Neuropsychol. 2006 Jun;20(2):230-42. doi: 10.1080/13854040590947461.
The purpose of this study was to examine whether executive dysfunction differentially impacts list-learning and story recall tasks in a sample of older adults referred for suspected cognitive impairment. Older adults (N = 61) with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or probable mild dementia, and those who did not meet criteria for diagnosis of dementia, were assessed using measures of executive function and verbal memory. Two groups were established based on performance on measures of executive function: (a) the No Executive Dysfunction group (NoED; n = 33) consisted of persons without impairment on any obtained measures of executive function; and (b) the Executive Dysfunction group (ED; n = 28) contained persons with impairment on at least one of the measures of executive function. The two groups were compared on performance on two measures of verbal memory, the California Verbal Learning Test-II (CVLT-II) and the Logical Memory (LM) subtest from the Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised (WMS-R). The NoED group performed significantly better than the ED group on the total learning and short delay free recall trials of the CVLT-II. However, there were no significant differences between the groups on the other indices of the CVLT-II (i.e., long delay free recall, recognition, recall repetitions, recall intrusions, or recognition false-positives) or on the immediate and delayed recall trials of the LM measure. These results support previous research demonstrating the impact of executive dysfunction on the acquisition of and short-delay retrieval of verbal information in older adults with suspected cognitive impairment.
本研究的目的是检验在被转介怀疑有认知障碍的老年人样本中，执行功能障碍是否对列表学习和故事回忆任务有不同影响。对患有轻度认知障碍（MCI）或可能患有轻度痴呆症的老年人（N = 61）以及未达到痴呆症诊断标准的老年人，使用执行功能和言语记忆测量方法进行评估。根据执行功能测量的表现建立了两组：（a）无执行功能障碍组（NoED；n = 33）由在任何获得的执行功能测量中均无损伤的人组成；（b）执行功能障碍组（ED；n = 28）包含在至少一项执行功能测量中有损伤的人。比较了两组在两项言语记忆测量中的表现，即加利福尼亚言语学习测试第二版（CVLT-II）和韦氏记忆量表修订版（WMS-R）中的逻辑记忆（LM）子测试。NoED组在CVLT-II的总学习和短延迟自由回忆试验中的表现明显优于ED组。然而，两组在CVLT-II的其他指标（即长延迟自由回忆、识别、回忆重复、回忆侵入或识别假阳性）或LM测量的即时和延迟回忆试验中没有显著差异。这些结果支持了先前的研究，证明了执行功能障碍对怀疑有认知障碍的老年人言语信息获取和短延迟检索的影响。
