Holdenrieder Ottmar, Pautasso Marco, Weisberg Peter J, Lonsdale David
Section of Forest Pathology and Dendrology, Department of Environmental Sciences, Federal Institute of Technology, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
Trends Ecol Evol. 2004 Aug;19(8):446-52. doi: 10.1016/j.tree.2004.06.003.
Forest pathology inherently involves a landscape perspective, because tree pathogens propagate according to heterogeneous spatial patterns of flow and isolation. Landscape pathology is a field that is now emerging from the transdisciplinary cooperation of forest pathologists with landscape ecologists. Here, we review recent broad-scale assessments of tree disease risk, investigations of site and host preferences for several root rot pathogens, and regional historical analyses of pathogen outbreak in plantations. Crucial topics include fragmentation effects on pathogen spread and geophysical features that predispose forest patches to disease expression. Recent methodological developments facilitate the spatially explicit analysis of reciprocal coarse-scale relationships among hosts and pathogens. Landscape pathology studies fill a significant research gap in the context of our understanding of sustainable forest management, the introduction of exotic organisms and how climate change might affect the spread of disease.
森林病理学本质上涉及景观视角，因为树木病原体是按照流动和隔离的异质空间模式进行传播的。景观病理学是一个目前正从森林病理学家与景观生态学家的跨学科合作中兴起的领域。在此，我们回顾了近期对树木疾病风险的大规模评估、对几种根腐病原体的立地和寄主偏好的调查，以及人工林中病原体爆发的区域历史分析。关键主题包括破碎化对病原体传播的影响以及使森林斑块易发病的地球物理特征。近期的方法学进展促进了对寄主和病原体之间相互的粗尺度关系进行空间明确的分析。在我们对可持续森林管理、外来生物引入以及气候变化如何影响疾病传播的理解背景下，景观病理学研究填补了一个重要的研究空白。
