Watanabe M, Ringler D J, Fultz P N, MacKey J J, Boyson J E, Levine C G, Letvin N L
Harvard Medical School, New England Regional Primate Research Center, Southborough, Massachusetts 01772.
J Virol. 1991 Jun;65(6):3344-8. doi: 10.1128/JVI.65.6.3344-3348.1991.
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) readily infects both humans and chimpanzees, but the pathologic outcomes of infection in these two species differ greatly. In attempts to identify virus-cell interactions that might account for this differential pathogenicity, chimpanzee peripheral blood lymphocytes and bone marrow macrophages were assessed in vitro for their ability to support the replication of several HIV-1 isolates. Although the IIIb, RF, and MN isolates did not readily infect chimpanzee peripheral blood lymphocytes, an isolate of HIV-1 passaged in vivo in chimpanzees not only replicated well in both chimpanzee peripheral blood lymphocytes and bone marrow macrophages but also was cytopathic for chimpanzee CD4+ lymphocytes. Because no evidence of HIV-induced disease has been observed in chimpanzees infected with this isolate, in vitro replication to high titers with concomitant loss of CD4+ cells is not, in this instance, a correlate of pathogenicity. These observations, therefore, indicate that caution must be used when making extrapolations from in vitro data to in vivo pathogenesis.
1型人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV-1）很容易感染人类和黑猩猩，但这两个物种感染后的病理结果差异很大。为了确定可能导致这种致病性差异的病毒与细胞间的相互作用，对黑猩猩外周血淋巴细胞和骨髓巨噬细胞在体外支持几种HIV-1分离株复制的能力进行了评估。虽然IIIb、RF和MN分离株不容易感染黑猩猩外周血淋巴细胞，但一株在黑猩猩体内传代的HIV-1不仅在黑猩猩外周血淋巴细胞和骨髓巨噬细胞中复制良好，而且对黑猩猩CD4+淋巴细胞具有细胞病变作用。由于在感染该分离株的黑猩猩中未观察到HIV诱导疾病的证据，因此在这种情况下，体外高滴度复制并伴随CD4+细胞丧失并非致病性的相关指标。因此，这些观察结果表明，在从体外数据推断体内发病机制时必须谨慎。
