Henriksen Tore
Division of Obstetrics, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rikshospitalet Medical Center, University of Oslo, Norway.
Nutr Rev. 2006 May;64(5 Pt 2):S19-23; discussion S72-91. doi: 10.1301/nr.2006.may.s19-s23.
Nutrition in pregnancy has been recognized for millennia as being important, but the current nutritional practices of pregnant women often do not conform to what we already know to be optimum. Pregnant women are increasingly entering pregnancy overweight as the dietary habits of young women deteriorate in many societies. This increase in overweight was accompanied by a 5-fold increase in gestational diabetes within 15 years in Norway, together with an unprecedented increase in the prevalence of large babies. This is accompanied by increasing risks of fetal malformations, damage to mother and child during parturition, and an increased risk of both obesity and type 2 diabetes in mother and the adolescent child. The prevalence of overweight girls is therefore a public health challenge with intergenerational implications.
数千年来，孕期营养一直被认为很重要，但目前孕妇的营养习惯往往不符合我们已知的最佳标准。在许多社会中，随着年轻女性饮食习惯的恶化，超重孕妇越来越多。在挪威，超重人数的增加伴随着15年内妊娠期糖尿病增加了5倍，同时巨大儿的患病率也出现了前所未有的增长。这还伴随着胎儿畸形风险增加、分娩时母婴损伤风险增加，以及母亲和青春期子女肥胖和2型糖尿病风险增加。因此，超重女孩的患病率是一个具有代际影响的公共卫生挑战。
