Lee Jung Eun, Giovannucci Edward, Smith-Warner Stephanie A, Spiegelman Donna, Willett Walter C, Curhan Gary C
Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2006 Jun;15(6):1204-11. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-05-0889.
Moderate alcohol consumption has been inversely associated with risk of renal cell cancer in recent prospective studies, and increased total fluid intake has been hypothesized to be a possible mechanism. We prospectively examined the associations between total fluid and beverage intakes and risk of renal cell cancer. Among 88,759 women followed for 20 years in the Nurses' Health Study, and 47,828 men followed for 14 years in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study, we documented 248 incident cases of renal cell cancer. We assessed consumption of beverages every 2 to 4 years using a validated semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire, and total fluid intake was derived from the frequency of consumption of 18 to 22 beverage items. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate study-specific multivariate relative risks (RR), which were pooled using a random-effects model. We found no association between total fluid intake and risk of renal cell cancer; the pooled multivariate RR for the highest quartile versus the lowest was 0.99 (95% confidence interval, 0.63-1.55; P, test for trend = 0.78). Alcohol intake was marginally inversely associated with renal cell cancer risk; compared with nondrinkers, the pooled multivariate RR for > or = 15 g/d was 0.66 (95% confidence interval, 0.43-1.00; P, test for trend = 0.07). We did not find clear associations between intakes of coffee, tea, milk, juice, soda, punch, and water and risk of renal cell cancer. Our data suggest an inverse association between alcohol intake and risk of renal cell cancer, but do not support the hypothesis that greater total fluid intake reduces the risk of renal cell cancer.
近期的前瞻性研究表明，适度饮酒与肾细胞癌风险呈负相关，且总液体摄入量增加被认为是一种可能的机制。我们前瞻性地研究了总液体摄入量和饮料摄入量与肾细胞癌风险之间的关联。在护士健康研究中对88759名女性进行了20年随访，在卫生专业人员随访研究中对47828名男性进行了14年随访，我们记录了248例肾细胞癌新发病例。我们每2至4年使用经过验证的半定量食物频率问卷评估饮料摄入量，总液体摄入量则根据18至22种饮料的消费频率得出。采用Cox比例风险回归来估计特定研究的多变量相对风险（RR），并使用随机效应模型进行汇总。我们发现总液体摄入量与肾细胞癌风险之间无关联；最高四分位数与最低四分位数相比，汇总后的多变量RR为0.99（95%置信区间为0.63 - 1.55；P趋势检验 = 0.78）。酒精摄入量与肾细胞癌风险呈微弱的负相关；与不饮酒者相比，每日饮酒量≥15克者汇总后的多变量RR为0.66（95%置信区间为0.43 - 1.00；P趋势检验 = 0.07）。我们未发现咖啡、茶、牛奶、果汁、汽水、潘趣酒和水的摄入量与肾细胞癌风险之间存在明确关联。我们的数据表明酒精摄入量与肾细胞癌风险呈负相关，但不支持总液体摄入量增加可降低肾细胞癌风险这一假设。
