Anna State Hospital.
J Appl Behav Anal. 1973 Spring;6(1):1-14. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1973.6-1.
No method is in general usage and of demonstrated effectiveness in eliminating the self-stimulatory behaviors of retardates and autistics. An Overcorrection rationale was used to develop such a method. The Overcorrection procedures consisted of a period of practice in the correct mode of the behavior contingent upon self-stimulatory behavior. The procedures were applied in a behavioral day-care program to three retarded children and one autistic child who exhibited object-mouthing, hand-mouthing, head-weaving and hand-clapping. For some behaviors, comparisons were made between the Overcorrection procedure and several alternative procedures, such as physical punishment by a slap, reinforcement for nonself-stimulatory behavior, a distasteful solution painted on the hand of a hand-mouther, and free reinforcement. The Overcorrection procedures eliminated the self-stimulatory behaviors of all four children in tutorial sessions and during the entire school day and were more effective than the alternative procedures in eliminating self-stimulation. The Overcorrection procedures appear to be rapid, enduring, and effective methods of eliminating self-stimulatory behavior.
目前尚无任何方法能被广泛应用并证实对消除智障者和自闭症患者的自我刺激行为有效。本研究运用过度矫正原理来开发这样一种方法。过度矫正程序包括在自我刺激行为发生时，以正确的行为模式进行一段时期的练习。该程序在行为日托计划中应用于三个智障儿童和一个自闭症儿童，他们表现出物体咀嚼、手咀嚼、头部摆动和拍手等行为。对于某些行为，过度矫正程序与其他几种替代程序（如打手、非自我刺激行为的强化、在手摸者手上涂抹讨厌的溶液和自由强化）进行了比较。过度矫正程序消除了所有四个孩子在辅导课和整个上学日的自我刺激行为，并且比替代程序更有效地消除自我刺激。过度矫正程序似乎是一种快速、持久和有效的消除自我刺激行为的方法。
