匹配定律的实际意义。
Practical implications of the matching law.
机构信息
Cardinal Strich College Milwaukee.
出版信息
J Appl Behav Anal. 1984 Fall;17(3):367-80. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1984.17-367.
Abstract
Many problem situations in applied settings are best conceptualized as choice situations. In addition, applied behavior analysts create choice situations when they reinforce a competing response to decrease inappropriate behavior. When such situations are analyzed using the matching law, variable interval (VI) schedules of reinforcement prove to be a superior intervention strategy regardless of the nature of the schedule maintaining other, less appropriate behavior. This conclusion is robust in that VI schedule superiority is observed in situations in which choice behavior is highly biased or shows pronounced undermatching as well as those in which the matching law holds precisely. Our analysis demonstrates the potential practical value of mathematical descriptions of behavior.
摘要
许多应用情境中的问题情况最好被视为选择情况。此外，当应用行为分析师强化竞争反应以减少不适当行为时，他们会创造选择情况。当使用匹配律分析这些情况时，可变时距（VI）强化时间表被证明是一种优越的干预策略，无论维持其他不太合适行为的时间表的性质如何。这一结论是稳健的，因为在选择行为高度偏向或表现出明显的不匹配以及匹配律准确成立的情况下，都观察到了 VI 时间表的优越性。我们的分析展示了行为的数学描述的潜在实用价值。
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本文引用的文献
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Incentive theory: II. Models for choice.激励理论：二、选择模型。
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Optimization and the matching law as accounts of instrumental behavior.优化与匹配律作为工具性行为的解释。
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A multivariate rate equation for variable-interval performance.一种用于变时距绩效的多变量率方程。
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Is matching compatible with reinforcement maximization on concurrent variable interval variable ratio?同时采用变化比例和变化间隔强化时，匹配是否与强化最大化兼容？
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A molar theory of reinforcement schedules.强化程序的摩尔理论。
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Undermatching: a reappraisal of performance on concurrent variable-interval schedules of reinforcement.同时变时距强化程序绩效的再评价：不匹配现象
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Matching under concurrent fixed-ratio variable-interval schedules of food presentation.在同时呈现食物的固定比例变化间隔时间表下进行匹配。
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Matching-based hedonic scaling in the pigeon.基于匹配的鸽子快感标度。
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Behavior of humans in variable-interval schedules of reinforcement.人类在可变间隔强化程序中的行为。
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J Exp Anal Behav. 1975 Jul;24(1):107-16. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1975.24-107.
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