Mackie Ken, Stella Nephi
Department of Anesthesiology, University of Washington, 1959 Pacific Ave N, Seattle, WA 98195-7280, USA.
AAPS J. 2006 Apr 28;8(2):E298-306. doi: 10.1007/BF02854900.
It is now well established that the psychoactive effects of Cannabis sativa are primarily mediated through neuronal CB1 receptors, while its therapeutic immune properties are primarily mediated through CB2 receptors. Two endocannabinoids, arachidonoylethanolamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol, have been identified, their action on CB1 and CB2 thoroughly characterized, and their production and inactivation elucidated. However, many significant exceptions to these rules exist. Here we review the evidence suggesting that cannabinoids can modulate synaptic transmission, the cardiovascular system, and the immune system through receptors distinct from CB1 and CB2, and that an additional "independent" endocannabinoid signaling system that involves palmitoylethanolamide may exist.
现已明确，大麻的精神活性作用主要通过神经元CB1受体介导，而其治疗免疫特性主要通过CB2受体介导。两种内源性大麻素，花生四烯酸乙醇胺和2-花生四烯酸甘油已被鉴定出来，它们对CB1和CB2的作用已得到充分表征，其产生和失活机制也已阐明。然而，这些规则存在许多显著的例外情况。在这里，我们综述了相关证据，这些证据表明大麻素可以通过不同于CB1和CB2的受体调节突触传递、心血管系统和免疫系统，并且可能存在一个涉及棕榈酰乙醇胺的额外“独立”内源性大麻素信号系统。
