Ye Changhui, Fang Xiaosheng, Hao Yufeng, Teng Xuemei, Zhang Lide
Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, P. R. China.
J Phys Chem B. 2005 Oct 27;109(42):19758-65. doi: 10.1021/jp0509358.
Zinc oxide nanostructures of various types, including nanobelts, nanoplatelets, nanowires, and nanorods, have been synthesized via well-developed routes by many research groups. However, so far, the underlying mechanism for the morphology derivation and evolution of the nanostructures has not been elucidated in depth. In this article, we report the systematic investigation of the morphology evolution characteristics of ZnO nanostructures from dense rods to dense nanoplatelets, nanoplatelet flowers, dense nanobelt flowers, and nanowire flowers in an evaporation-physical transport-condensation approach. Through the use of crystal growth theory, the determining factors for the formation of different nanostructural morphologies were found to be gas-phase supersaturation and the surface energy of the growing surface planes. Other experimental parameters such as the temperature at the source and the substrate, the temperature difference and the distance between the source and the substrate, the heating rate of the furnace, the gas flow rate, the ceramic tube diameter, and the starting material are all correlated with supersaturation and impose an effect on the morphology evolution. This finding may have an important impact on the qualitative understanding of the morphology evolution of nanostructures and the achieving of desired nanostructures controllably.
许多研究小组已通过成熟的路线合成了各种类型的氧化锌纳米结构，包括纳米带、纳米片、纳米线和纳米棒。然而，迄今为止，纳米结构形态衍生和演变的潜在机制尚未得到深入阐明。在本文中，我们报告了在蒸发-物理传输-凝聚方法中，对氧化锌纳米结构从致密棒到致密纳米片、纳米片花、致密纳米带花和纳米线花的形态演变特征进行的系统研究。通过运用晶体生长理论，发现形成不同纳米结构形态的决定因素是气相过饱和度和生长表面平面的表面能。其他实验参数，如源温度和衬底温度、源与衬底之间的温差和距离、炉体加热速率、气体流速、陶瓷管直径以及起始材料等，都与过饱和度相关，并对形态演变产生影响。这一发现可能对定性理解纳米结构的形态演变以及可控地实现所需纳米结构具有重要影响。
