Bertolotto M, D'Onofrio M, Martone E, Malagò R, Pozzi Mucelli R
Department of Radiology, Cattinara Hospital, University of Trieste, Strada Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy.
Abdom Imaging. 2007 Mar-Apr;32(2):161-70. doi: 10.1007/s00261-006-9009-z.
Ultrasonography is probably the most widely used medical imaging technique. In fact, its non-invasivity, portability, widespread distribution and good clinical results have made it the preferred method for a first imaging approach to patients in a large variety of clinical settings. Ultrasound technology is advancing rapidly, aimed to increase image quality. In particular, increased color-Doppler sensitivity is contributing to the diagnosis and staging of pancreatic disease. Doppler studies are in fact integral part of ultrasound examination of the pancreas evaluating the peripancreatic vascular structures enclose portal vein, splenic artery and vein, superior mesenteric artery and vein, aorta, and inferior vena cava. While flows in all peri-pancreatic vessels are well recognized, only few parenchymal vessels are usually appreciable in normal conditions. Anyway the increased Doppler sensitivity allows the visualization of smaller peri-pancreatic and intra-pancreatic vessels. This article will review the technical background underlying the clinical application of Doppler ultrasonography in pancreatic imaging, with particular emphasis to normal vascular anatomy of the pancreas, and to the main applications of Doppler techniques in the different pancreatic pathologies.
超声检查可能是应用最为广泛的医学成像技术。事实上，其无创性、便携性、广泛普及以及良好的临床效果，使其成为在各种临床环境中对患者进行初次成像检查的首选方法。超声技术正在迅速发展，旨在提高图像质量。特别是，彩色多普勒灵敏度的提高有助于胰腺疾病的诊断和分期。实际上，多普勒研究是胰腺超声检查不可或缺的一部分，用于评估胰腺周围的血管结构，包括门静脉、脾动静脉、肠系膜上动静脉、主动脉和下腔静脉。虽然胰腺周围所有血管的血流情况都已为人熟知，但在正常情况下通常只能看到少数实质血管。无论如何，多普勒灵敏度的提高使得能够观察到更小的胰腺周围和胰腺内血管。本文将回顾多普勒超声在胰腺成像临床应用的技术背景，特别强调胰腺的正常血管解剖结构以及多普勒技术在不同胰腺疾病中的主要应用。
