Pareek Ashwani, Singh Anupama, Kumar Manoj, Kushwaha Hemant R, Lynn Andrew M, Singla-Pareek Sneh L
Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India.
Plant Physiol. 2006 Oct;142(2):380-97. doi: 10.1104/pp.106.086371. Epub 2006 Aug 4.
The two-component system (TCS), which works on the principle of histidine-aspartate phosphorelay signaling, is known to play an important role in diverse physiological processes in lower organisms and has recently emerged as an important signaling system in plants. Employing the tools of bioinformatics, we have characterized TCS signaling candidate genes in the genome of Oryza sativa L. subsp. japonica. We present a complete overview of TCS gene families in O. sativa, including gene structures, conserved motifs, chromosome locations, and phylogeny. Our analysis indicates a total of 51 genes encoding 73 putative TCS proteins. Fourteen genes encode 22 putative histidine kinases with a conserved histidine and other typical histidine kinase signature sequences, five phosphotransfer genes encoding seven phosphotransfer proteins, and 32 response regulator genes encoding 44 proteins. The variations seen between gene and protein numbers are assumed to result from alternative splicing. These putative proteins have high homology with TCS members that have been shown experimentally to participate in several important physiological phenomena in plants, such as ethylene and cytokinin signaling and phytochrome-mediated responses to light. We conclude that the overall architecture of the TCS machinery in O. sativa and Arabidopsis thaliana is similar, and our analysis provides insights into the conservation and divergence of this important signaling machinery in higher plants.
双组分系统（TCS）基于组氨酸 - 天冬氨酸磷酸化信号转导原理发挥作用，已知其在低等生物的多种生理过程中起重要作用，并且最近在植物中成为一种重要的信号系统。利用生物信息学工具，我们对粳稻基因组中的TCS信号候选基因进行了表征。我们展示了水稻中TCS基因家族的完整概况，包括基因结构、保守基序、染色体定位和系统发育。我们的分析表明共有51个基因编码73个推定的TCS蛋白。14个基因编码22个具有保守组氨酸和其他典型组氨酸激酶特征序列的推定组氨酸激酶，5个磷酸转移基因编码7个磷酸转移蛋白，32个响应调节基因编码44个蛋白。基因和蛋白数量之间的差异被认为是由可变剪接导致的。这些推定蛋白与已通过实验证明参与植物中几种重要生理现象（如乙烯和细胞分裂素信号传导以及光敏色素介导的光反应）的TCS成员具有高度同源性。我们得出结论，水稻和拟南芥中TCS机制的总体结构相似，并且我们的分析为高等植物中这种重要信号机制的保守性和差异性提供了见解。
