Serra Rita, Cabañes F Javier, Perrone Giancarlo, Castellá Gemma, Venâncio Armando, Mulè Giuseppina, Kozakiewicz Zofia
Centro de Engenharia Biológica, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, 4710-057 Portugal.
Mycologia. 2006 Mar-Apr;98(2):295-306. doi: 10.1080/15572536.2006.11832702.
As part of a study on the ochratoxin producing mycoflora of grapes, several Aspergillus strains were isolated and tested for their ochratoxin A (OTA) producing abilities. Aspergillus strains of the section Nigri, which did not produce detectable amounts of OTA but which had a similar morphology to A. carbonarius, were isolated from wine grapes and/or dried vine fruit in Portugal and Spain. These strains, however, have characters that allow morphological distinction from the other species in the section, particularly the conidia size (5-7 microm), which allows separation of the species from the two most common biseriate species in section Nigri: A. carbonarius (7-9 microm) and A. niger and its aggregate species (3-5 microm). The strains are described here as belonging to a new species, named A. ibericus. The validation of this new taxon is supported further by analysis of the ITS-5.8S rDNA and calmodulin gene sequences and by analysis of the amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) patterns, which were consistent in separating these strains from other species in the section. A. ibericus strains do not produce OTA therefore they are interesting for biotechnological exploration because many metabolites with commercial value are produced by other species in the section.
作为葡萄中产生赭曲霉毒素的霉菌群落研究的一部分，分离了几株曲霉属菌株，并检测了它们产生赭曲霉毒素A（OTA）的能力。从葡萄牙和西班牙的酿酒葡萄和/或葡萄干中分离出了黑曲霉组的曲霉菌株，这些菌株不产生可检测量的OTA，但形态与黑曲霉相似。然而，这些菌株具有一些特征，使其在形态上能够与该组中的其他物种区分开来，特别是分生孢子大小（5-7微米），这使得该物种能够与黑曲霉组中两个最常见的双列物种区分开来：黑曲霉（7-9微米）和黑曲霉及其聚集物种（3-5微米）。这里描述的菌株属于一个新物种，名为伊比利亚曲霉。对ITS-5.8S rDNA和钙调蛋白基因序列的分析以及对扩增片段长度多态性（AFLP）模式的分析进一步支持了这个新分类单元的有效性，这些分析在将这些菌株与该组中的其他物种区分开来方面是一致的。伊比利亚曲霉菌株不产生OTA，因此对于生物技术探索来说很有意义，因为该组中的其他物种会产生许多具有商业价值的代谢产物。
