Pitsavos Christos, Milias George A, Panagiotakos Demosthenes B, Xenaki Dimitra, Panagopoulos George, Stefanadis Christodoulos
First Cardiology Clinic, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Greece.
BMC Public Health. 2006 Aug 13;6:206. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-6-206.
Hypertension leads to many degenerative diseases, the most common being cardiovascular in origin. This study has been designed to estimate the prevalence of self-reported hypertension in a random nationwide sample of adult Greek population, while focus was set to the assessment of participants' nutritional habits in relation to their hypertension status.
A random-digit dialed telephone survey. Based on a multistage, stratified sampling, 5003 adults (18 - 74 yr) participated (men: 48.8%, women: 51.2%). All participants were interviewed via telephone by trained personnel who used a standard questionnaire. The questionnaire included demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, medical history, lifestyle habits and nutritional assessment.
The prevalence of self-reported hypertension was 13.3% in men and 17.7% in women (P < 0.001). Furthermore, women reported higher values of systolic blood pressure (180 +/- 27 mmHg) than men (169 +/- 24 mmHg). Positive relationships were found between hypertension status and the prevalence of the rest investigated health conditions (i.e. hypercholesterolaemia, diabetes mellitus, renal failure and obesity). Nutritional assessment showed that consumption of fish, fruits and juices, cereals, and low fat milk and yogurt was significantly higher among hypertensive subjects while the opposite was observed for food items as red meat, pork, egg, pasta and rice, full fat dairy products and desserts.
Hypertension seems to be a serious public health problem in Greece. It is encouraging that hypertensives may have started adopting some more healthy nutritional behaviour compared to normotensive ones. However, they can gain significant benefits regarding to blood pressure control, if they increase the level of compliance with dietary recommendations.
高血压会引发多种退行性疾病，其中最常见的是心血管疾病。本研究旨在估计希腊成年人群全国随机样本中自我报告的高血压患病率，同时重点评估参与者的营养习惯与其高血压状况之间的关系。
采用随机数字拨号电话调查。基于多阶段分层抽样，5003名成年人（18 - 74岁）参与了调查（男性：48.8%，女性：51.2%）。所有参与者均由经过培训的人员通过电话使用标准问卷进行访谈。问卷包括人口统计学和社会经济特征、病史、生活方式习惯以及营养评估。
自我报告的高血压患病率男性为13.3%，女性为17.7%（P < 0.001）。此外，女性报告的收缩压值（180 +/- 27 mmHg）高于男性（169 +/- 24 mmHg）。高血压状况与其他所调查健康状况（即高胆固醇血症、糖尿病、肾衰竭和肥胖）的患病率之间存在正相关关系。营养评估显示，高血压患者食用鱼类、水果和果汁、谷物以及低脂牛奶和酸奶的量显著更高，而对于红肉、猪肉、鸡蛋、面食和米饭、全脂乳制品及甜点等食物则观察到相反的情况。
在希腊，高血压似乎是一个严重的公共卫生问题。令人鼓舞的是，与血压正常者相比，高血压患者可能已经开始采取一些更健康的营养行为。然而，如果他们提高对饮食建议的依从程度，在血压控制方面会获得显著益处。
