Watral Virginia, Kent Michael L
Center for Fish Disease Research, Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331-3804, USA.
Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2007 Feb;145(1):55-60. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2006.06.004. Epub 2006 Jun 21.
One of the most common diseases that we have diagnosed in zebrafish is mycobacteriosis, caused by several Mycobacterium spp. The severity of the disease ranged from severe outbreaks to incidental infections. We conducted an in vivo study to evaluate the pathogenesis of six isolates of Mycobacterium from zebrafish with mycobacteriosis from four research facilities and one wholesale supplier of zebrafish in the United States: Mycobacterium abscessus, Mycobacterium peregrinum, Mycobacterium chelonae (2 isolates), and Mycobacterium marinum. We also included two isolates of M. marinum from other fishes. Fish were exposed by intraperitoneal injection at a target does of 5 x 10(4) bacteria/fish, and were held in static aquaria at 28 degrees C for 8 weeks. Fish were examined by histology and culture, and mortalities were recorded. The M. marinum isolates caused 100% infection and mortality between 30% and 100%. None of the other Mycobacterium species caused significant mortalities, but several of these fish had granulomatous lesions in visceral organs. Mycobacteria were consistently recovered in culture from fish exposed to M. marinum, and from only 9% of fish exposed to the other species. This study suggests that, of the isolates tested, only M. marinum is highly pathogenic and virulent to healthy zebrafish.
我们在斑马鱼中诊断出的最常见疾病之一是分枝杆菌病，由几种分枝杆菌属引起。疾病的严重程度从严重暴发至偶发性感染不等。我们进行了一项体内研究，以评估来自美国四个研究机构和一家斑马鱼批发供应商的患有分枝杆菌病的斑马鱼的六种分枝杆菌分离株的发病机制：脓肿分枝杆菌、偶然分枝杆菌、龟分枝杆菌（2个分离株）和海分枝杆菌。我们还纳入了来自其他鱼类的两株海分枝杆菌。通过腹腔注射以5×10⁴个细菌/鱼的目标剂量使鱼暴露，并在28℃的静态水族箱中饲养8周。通过组织学和培养对鱼进行检查，并记录死亡率。海分枝杆菌分离株导致100%感染，死亡率在30%至100%之间。其他分枝杆菌种类均未引起显著死亡，但其中一些鱼的内脏器官有肉芽肿性病变。从暴露于海分枝杆菌的鱼中，分枝杆菌在培养物中始终能被检出，而在暴露于其他种类的鱼中，只有9%能检出。这项研究表明，在所测试的分离株中，只有海分枝杆菌对健康斑马鱼具有高度致病性和毒性。
