Greenleaf Christy, McGreer Rosemary
Department of Kinesiology, Health Promotion, and Recreation, University of North Texas, P.O. Box 310769, Denton, TX 76203-0769, USA.
J Psychol. 2006 May;140(3):187-98. doi: 10.3200/JRLP.140.3.187-198.
The authors' purpose in this study was to examine objectification theory (B. L. Fredrickson & T. A. Roberts, 1997) among physically active (n=115) and sedentary (n=70) women. The women completed the Self-Objectification Questionnaire (Noll & Fredrickson, 1998), the Body Surveillance and Body Shame subscales of the Objectified Body Consciousness Scale (McKinley & Hyde, 1996), the Appearance Anxiety Scale (Dion, Dion, & J. Keelan, 1990), a flow experiences measure (Tiggemann & Slater, 2001), and the Eating Attitudes Test-26 (Garner, Olmsted, Bohr, & Garfinkel, 1982). Self-objectification directly and indirectly (via body shame and appearance anxiety) predicted disordered eating in both groups of women. Physically active women reported more frequent flow experiences than sedentary women. Women high in self-objectification reported higher levels of body surveillance, body shame, appearance anxiety, and self-reported disordered eating attitudes. Body surveillance was related to disordered eating only among women with high self-objectification. Appearance anxiety was negatively associated with flow experiences among sedentary women. Objectification theory provides a useful framework for understanding factors related to disordered eating attitudes among active and sedentary college women.
本研究中作者的目的是在经常运动的女性（n = 115）和久坐不动的女性（n = 70）中检验客观化理论（B. L. 弗雷德里克森和T. A. 罗伯茨，1997）。这些女性完成了自我客观化问卷（诺尔和弗雷德里克森，1998）、客观化身体意识量表的身体监视和身体羞耻分量表（麦金利和海德，1996）、外表焦虑量表（迪翁、迪翁和J. 基兰，1990）、一种心流体验测量工具（蒂格曼和斯莱特，2001）以及饮食态度测试-26（加纳、奥尔姆斯特德、博尔和加芬克尔，1982）。自我客观化直接和间接（通过身体羞耻和外表焦虑）预测了两组女性的饮食失调。经常运动的女性报告的心流体验比久坐不动的女性更频繁。自我客观化程度高的女性报告的身体监视、身体羞耻、外表焦虑和自我报告的饮食失调态度水平更高。身体监视仅在自我客观化程度高的女性中与饮食失调有关。外表焦虑与久坐不动的女性的心流体验呈负相关。客观化理论为理解与活跃和久坐的大学女性饮食失调态度相关的因素提供了一个有用的框架。
