Sioen Isabelle A, Pynaert Ilse, Matthys Christophe, De Backer Guy, Van Camp John, De Henauw Stefaan
Department of Public Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Lipids. 2006 May;41(5):415-22. doi: 10.1007/s11745-006-5115-5.
The intake of fat, saturated and monounsaturated FA (SFA and MUFA), and omega-6 and omega-3 PUFA has been estimated in 641 Belgian women (age 18-39 y). Their food intake was recorded using a 2-d food diary. The PUFA included were linoleic (LA), alpha-linolenic (LNA), arachidonic (AA), eicosapentaenoic (EPA), docosapentaenoic (DPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids. The mean total fat intake corresponded to 34.3% of total energy intake (E). The mean intake of the FA groups corresponded to 13.7%, 13.1%, and 6.0% of E, for SFA, MUFA, and PUFA, respectively. The mean intake of LA was 5.3% of E and of LNA was 0.6% of E, with a mean LA/LNA ratio of 8.7. The mean intake of AA was 0.03% of E. The mean intake of EPA, DPA, and DHA was 0.04%, 0.01%, and 0.06% of E, respectively. According to the Belgian recommendations, the total fat and SFA intake was too high for about three-quarters of the population. The mean LA and overall n-6 PUFA intake corresponded with the recommendation, with part of the population exceeding the upper level. Conversely, the population showed a large deficit for LNA and n-3 PUFA. The major food source for LA and LNA was fats and oils, followed by cereal products. The main sources of long-chain PUFA were fish and seafood, and meat, poultry, and eggs. From a public health perspective, it seems desirable to tackle the problem of low n-3 PUFA intake.
对641名比利时女性（年龄在18至39岁之间）的脂肪、饱和脂肪酸和单不饱和脂肪酸（SFA和MUFA）以及ω-6和ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）摄入量进行了估算。她们的食物摄入量通过一份为期两天的食物日记进行记录。所包含的多不饱和脂肪酸有亚油酸（LA）、α-亚麻酸（LNA）、花生四烯酸（AA）、二十碳五烯酸（EPA）、二十二碳五烯酸（DPA）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）。总脂肪平均摄入量相当于总能量摄入量（E）的34.3%。脂肪酸组的平均摄入量分别相当于E的13.7%、13.1%和6.0%，分别为饱和脂肪酸、单不饱和脂肪酸和多不饱和脂肪酸。亚油酸的平均摄入量为E的5.3%，α-亚麻酸的平均摄入量为E的0.6%，亚油酸/α-亚麻酸平均比值为8.7。花生四烯酸的平均摄入量为E的0.03%。二十碳五烯酸、二十二碳五烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸的平均摄入量分别为E的0.04%、0.01%和0.06%。根据比利时的建议，大约四分之三的人口总脂肪和饱和脂肪酸摄入量过高。亚油酸和总体ω-6多不饱和脂肪酸的平均摄入量符合建议，但部分人群超过了上限。相反，人群中α-亚麻酸和ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸存在大量不足。亚油酸和α-亚麻酸的主要食物来源是油脂，其次是谷物产品。长链多不饱和脂肪酸的主要来源是鱼类和海鲜，以及肉类、家禽和蛋类。从公共卫生角度来看，解决ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸摄入量低的问题似乎是可取的。
