Gosselin Nadia, Mathieu Annie, Mazza Stéphanie, Petit Dominique, Malo Jacques, Montplaisir Jacques
Sleep Disorder Center, Sacre-Coeur Hospital and University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada.
Clin Neurophysiol. 2006 Oct;117(10):2228-35. doi: 10.1016/j.clinph.2006.07.130. Epub 2006 Aug 24.
Patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) show cognitive deficits, vigilance alteration and attentional decline. The aim of this study was to use event-related potentials (ERP) to further document the attentional impairments in these patients.
Twelve OSAS patients and 12 age-matched controls underwent the ERP task which consisted in the presentation of short (50ms, 50%) and long tones (400ms, 50%). For these two categories, 90% were standard (1000Hz) and 10% were deviant tones (750 or 1250Hz). Subjects had to discriminate short and long tones by a motor response.
OSAS patients had a sustained and delayed P300 in comparison with control subjects following standard tones (p<0.05). A reduction in amplitude was found in OSAS patients for the P3a obtained by the subtraction of standard from deviant tones (p<0.05). No group difference was observed for N1, mismatch negativity and reorienting negativity components.
Apneas and hypopneas produce deficits related to involuntary attentional switch and stimulus classification processing.
The changes observed in P3a and P300 components further support the hypothesis that attentional deficits play a pivotal role in cognitive deficits noted in OSAS.
阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征（OSAS）患者存在认知缺陷、警觉性改变和注意力下降。本研究旨在使用事件相关电位（ERP）进一步记录这些患者的注意力损害情况。
12名OSAS患者和12名年龄匹配的对照者接受ERP任务，该任务包括呈现短音（50毫秒，50%）和长音（400毫秒，50%）。对于这两类音调，90%是标准音（1000赫兹），10%是偏差音（750或1250赫兹）。受试者必须通过运动反应来区分短音和长音。
与对照组相比，OSAS患者在听到标准音后P300持续且延迟出现（p<0.05）。通过用偏差音减去标准音得到的P3a，OSAS患者的波幅降低（p<0.05）。在N1、失配负波和重新定向负波成分上未观察到组间差异。
呼吸暂停和呼吸不足会导致与非自愿注意力转换和刺激分类处理相关的缺陷。
在P3a和P300成分中观察到的变化进一步支持了以下假设，即注意力缺陷在OSAS患者出现的认知缺陷中起关键作用。
