Schultz Stephen T, Klonoff-Cohen Hillary S, Wingard Deborah L, Akshoomoff Natacha A, Macera Caroline A, Ji Ming, Bacher Christopher
Division of Epidemiology, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, USA.
Int Breastfeed J. 2006 Sep 15;1:16. doi: 10.1186/1746-4358-1-16.
Although Autistic Disorder is associated with several congenital conditions, the cause for most cases is unknown. The present study was undertaken to determine whether breastfeeding or the use of infant formula supplemented with docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid is associated with Autistic Disorder. The hypothesis is that breastfeeding and use of infant formula supplemented with docosahexaenoic acid/arachidonic acid are protective for Autistic Disorder.
This is a case-control study using data from the Autism Internet Research Survey, an online parental survey conducted from February to April 2005 with results for 861 children with Autistic Disorder and 123 control children. The analyses were performed using logistic regression.
Absence of breastfeeding when compared to breastfeeding for more than six months was significantly associated with an increase in the odds of having autistic disorder when all cases were considered (OR 2.48, 95% CI 1.42, 4.35) and after limiting cases to children with regression in development (OR 1.95, 95% CI 1.01, 3.78). Use of infant formula without docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid supplementation versus exclusive breastfeeding was associated with a significant increase in the odds of autistic disorder when all cases were considered (OR 4.41, 95% CI 1.24, 15.7) and after limiting cases to children with regression in development (OR 12.96, 95% CI 1.27, 132).
The results of this preliminary study indicate that children who were not breastfed or were fed infant formula without docosahexaenoic acid/arachidonic acid supplementation were significantly more likely to have autistic disorder.
尽管自闭症谱系障碍与多种先天性疾病有关，但大多数病例的病因尚不清楚。本研究旨在确定母乳喂养或使用添加二十二碳六烯酸和花生四烯酸的婴儿配方奶粉是否与自闭症谱系障碍有关。假设是母乳喂养和使用添加二十二碳六烯酸/花生四烯酸的婴儿配方奶粉对自闭症谱系障碍具有保护作用。
这是一项病例对照研究，使用来自自闭症互联网研究调查的数据，该调查是一项在线家长调查，于2005年2月至4月进行，有861名自闭症谱系障碍儿童和123名对照儿童的结果。分析采用逻辑回归进行。
与母乳喂养超过六个月相比，未进行母乳喂养在考虑所有病例时（比值比2.48，95%置信区间1.42，4.35）以及将病例限制为有发育倒退的儿童后（比值比1.95，95%置信区间1.01，3.78），患自闭症谱系障碍的几率显著增加。在考虑所有病例时（比值比4.41，95%置信区间1.24，15.7）以及将病例限制为有发育倒退的儿童后（比值比12.96，95%置信区间1.27，132），使用未添加二十二碳六烯酸和花生四烯酸的婴儿配方奶粉与纯母乳喂养相比，患自闭症谱系障碍的几率显著增加。
这项初步研究的结果表明，未进行母乳喂养或食用未添加二十二碳六烯酸/花生四烯酸的婴儿配方奶粉的儿童患自闭症谱系障碍的可能性显著更高。
