Yinbo Qu, Zhu Mingtian, Liu Kai, Bao Xiaoming, Lin Jianqiang
State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
Biotechnol J. 2006 Nov;1(11):1235-40. doi: 10.1002/biot.200600067.
As the biggest developing country, China faces a serious challenge in satisfying its need for huge amounts of energy resources, especially for liquid fuel. The Chinese government has recently started a bioethanol project, and has produced about 1 million tons of ethanol fuel from corn and wheat in 2005. As it has the largest population in the world and limited lands for food production, cellulosic ethanol would be a more suitable choice for China. Many research projects in China on biodegradation and biotransformation of lignocellulosics have been carried out. Furthermore, understanding the biodegradation mechanism of lignocellulosics and developing practical processes for ethanol production have been ongoing. After more than 30 years of research, several pilot scale facilities have been set up, and lots of experience has been acquired. However, the calculated production cost of cellulosic ethanol is still higher than that of corn ethanol. To overcome this problem, the biorefinery conception has been introduced into research on lignocellulosics transformation. A corncob biorefinery process has been developed in Shandong University. By combining the cellulase and ethanol production with a xylose-related products production, the total production cost can be reduced. A scale of 50,000-ton/year cellulosic ethanol biorefinery is being planned to be built at Yucheng.
作为最大的发展中国家，中国在满足其对大量能源资源尤其是液体燃料的需求上面临严峻挑战。中国政府最近启动了一个生物乙醇项目，并于2005年用玉米和小麦生产了约100万吨乙醇燃料。由于中国是世界上人口最多的国家且用于粮食生产的土地有限，纤维素乙醇对中国来说将是更合适的选择。中国已经开展了许多关于木质纤维素生物降解和生物转化的研究项目。此外，对木质纤维素生物降解机制的理解以及开发乙醇生产的实用工艺也一直在进行。经过30多年的研究，已经建立了几个中试规模的设施，并积累了大量经验。然而，纤维素乙醇的计算生产成本仍然高于玉米乙醇。为克服这一问题，生物炼制概念已被引入木质纤维素转化研究中。山东大学开发了一种玉米芯生物炼制工艺。通过将纤维素酶和乙醇生产与木糖相关产品生产相结合，可以降低总生产成本。正在计划在禹城建设一个规模为5万吨/年的纤维素乙醇生物炼制厂。
