McEwan Jenkinson David, Elder Hugh Y, Bovell Douglas L
Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, West Medical Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.
Vet Dermatol. 2006 Dec;17(6):361-92. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3164.2006.00545.x.
Sweating has a variety of functions in mammals including pheromone action, excretion of waste products and maintenance of the skin surface ecosystem. In a small number of mammalian species, which includes humans and the Equidae, it also has an important role in thermoregulation. This review is focused specifically on the thermoregulatory role of sweat in Equidae and the causes of sweating failure (anhidrosis). The first part describes the glandular appearance, sweat composition, and output rates; and considers the latest theories on the glandular control and secretory mechanisms. It is concluded that the glands are not directly innervated but are controlled by the interplay of neural, humoral and paracrine factors. The secretory mechanism is not as simple as previously thought and is mediated by the dynamic interaction of activating pathways, including autocrine control not only of the secretory process but probably also of secretory cell reproduction, growth, and death.
出汗在哺乳动物中具有多种功能，包括信息素作用、排泄废物以及维持皮肤表面生态系统。在少数哺乳动物物种中，包括人类和马科动物，出汗在体温调节中也起着重要作用。本综述专门聚焦于马科动物汗液的体温调节作用以及出汗功能衰竭（无汗症）的成因。第一部分描述了汗腺外观、汗液成分和分泌速率；并探讨了有关汗腺控制和分泌机制的最新理论。得出的结论是，汗腺并非直接受神经支配，而是由神经、体液和旁分泌因子的相互作用所控制。分泌机制并不像之前认为的那么简单，而是由激活途径的动态相互作用介导的，包括自分泌不仅控制分泌过程，可能还控制分泌细胞的繁殖、生长和死亡。
