Selbaek Geir, Kirkevold Øyvind, Engedal Knut
Research Centre for Old Age Psychiatric Research, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Ottestad, Norway.
Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2007 Sep;22(9):843-9. doi: 10.1002/gps.1749.
Psychiatric and behavioural symptoms in dementia are associated with a range of negative outcomes, including institutional placement and the widespread use of psychotropic drugs in spite of limited evidence for their efficacy.
To determine the prevalence of psychiatric and behavioural symptoms and the pattern of psychotropic drug prescription in patients with various degrees of dementia.
A sample of 1,163 non-selected nursing home patients were assessed by means of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory, the Clinical Dementia Rating scale and Lawton's activities of daily living scale. In addition, information was collected from the patients' records.
Dementia was found in 81% of the patients and 72% of them had clinically significant psychiatric and behavioural symptoms. The frequencies of symptoms increased with the severity of the dementia. Psychotropic medication was being prescribed to 75% of patients with dementia. There was a significant relationship between the type of drug and the symptom for which it had been dispensed.
Psychiatric and behavioural symptoms are frequent in nursing homes and the rate increases with the progression of the dementia. Systematic programmes are needed for disseminating skills and providing guidance regarding the evaluation and treatment of these symptoms in nursing homes.
痴呆症患者的精神和行为症状与一系列负面结果相关，包括入住养老院以及尽管精神药物疗效证据有限却仍被广泛使用。
确定不同程度痴呆症患者精神和行为症状的患病率以及精神药物处方模式。
通过神经精神科问卷、临床痴呆评定量表和劳顿日常生活能力量表对1163名未经过筛选的养老院患者进行评估。此外，还从患者记录中收集信息。
81%的患者患有痴呆症，其中72%有具有临床意义的精神和行为症状。症状的发生率随痴呆症严重程度增加而上升。75%的痴呆症患者正在接受精神药物治疗。所开药物类型与给药所针对的症状之间存在显著关系。
精神和行为症状在养老院中很常见，且发生率随痴呆症进展而增加。需要制定系统方案来传播技能，并为养老院中这些症状的评估和治疗提供指导。
