Rowe Gillian, Valderrama Steven, Hasher Lynn, Lenartowicz Agatha
Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Psychol Aging. 2006 Dec;21(4):826-30. doi: 10.1037/0882-7974.21.4.826.
The authors investigated the effect of age and time of testing on the ability to control attention and addressed the possibility that older adults' susceptibility to distraction may sometimes facilitate performance on a later cognitive task. Using a modification of a G. Rees, C. Russell, C. D. Frith, and J. Driver (1999) procedure, the authors asked the participants to make same or different judgments on line drawings superimposed with task-irrelevant letter strings. Memory for the distractors was subsequently tested with an implicit memory task. Both older and young adults demonstrated greater memory for distractors at nonoptimal times of day than at optimal times of day; however, older adults showed considerably better memory for the distractors than did young adults.
作者研究了年龄和测试时间对注意力控制能力的影响，并探讨了老年人易受干扰有时可能有助于后续认知任务表现的可能性。作者采用了对G.里斯、C.拉塞尔、C.D.弗里思和J.德赖弗（1999年）程序的一种改进方法，要求参与者对叠加有与任务无关字母串的线条图做出相同或不同的判断。随后通过一项内隐记忆任务对干扰物的记忆进行测试。老年人和年轻人在一天中不太适宜的时间对干扰物的记忆都比在适宜时间更好；然而，老年人对干扰物的记忆比年轻人要好得多。
