衰老与注意力分散的益处。
Aging and a benefit of distractibility.
作者信息
Kim Sunghan, Rasher Lynn, Zacks Rose T
机构信息
Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
出版信息
Psychon Bull Rev. 2007 Apr;14(2):301-5. doi: 10.3758/bf03194068.
Abstract
Under instructions to ignore distraction, younger and older adults read passages with interspersed distracting words. Some of the distractors served as solutions to a subsequent set of verbal problems in which three weakly related words could be related by retrieving a missing fourth word (i.e., the Remote Associates Test [RAT]; Mednick, 1962). Older adults showed significant priming from the distraction, whereas younger adults did not. In this study, we present a case in which age-related reductions in attentional control over information that was not initially relevant can actually lead to superior performance for older adults. The RAT materials may be downloaded from www.psychonomic.org/archive.
摘要
在接到忽略干扰因素的指示后，年轻人和老年人阅读了穿插有干扰词的段落。其中一些干扰词是随后一组语言问题的答案，在这些问题中，三个关联较弱的词可以通过找出一个缺失的第四个词（即远距离联想测验[RAT]；梅德尼克，1962）联系起来。老年人表现出了来自干扰因素的显著启动效应，而年轻人则没有。在本研究中，我们呈现了一个案例，即与年龄相关的对最初不相关信息的注意力控制能力下降，实际上可能导致老年人表现更优。远距离联想测验的材料可从www.psychonomic.org/archive下载。
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