Raghupathy Palany, Antonisamy Belavendra, Fall Caroline H D, Geethanjali Finney S, Leary Samantha D, Saperia Julia, Priya G, Rajaratnam Abel, Richard Joseph
Department of Child Health, Christian Medical College, Vellore 632004, India.
Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2007 Aug;77(2):269-79. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2006.12.005. Epub 2007 Jan 16.
India is experiencing an epidemic of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) in young adults. This study reports the prevalence of glucose intolerance, and insulin profiles, and their relationship to lifestyle factors in 2218 young adults (aged 26-32 years; 997 urban, 1221 rural) in south India. They were drawn from a cohort of 10,691 individuals born during 1969-1973 in Vellore and nearby villages. Family history, socio-economic status, physical activity and tobacco and alcohol use were recorded. Oral glucose tolerance tests were performed for diagnosis (WHO recommendations). Insulin resistance and secretion were derived from plasma insulin concentrations. Median BMI was 20.0kg/m(2). The prevalence of Type 2 DM and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) was higher in urban than in rural subjects (3.7% versus 2.1%, p=0.02; 18.9% versus 14.3%, p=0.002, respectively), while prevalence of impaired fasting glycaemia (IFG) was similar in urban and rural populations (3.8% versus 3.4%, p=0.04). Type 2 DM, IGT, IFG or higher insulin resistance and increment were associated with higher socio-economic status (more household possessions) and higher percentage body fat, body mass index and waist/hip ratio. Insulin increment was lower in men with higher alcohol consumption. Our data suggest high levels of glucose intolerance in young rural and urban adults highlighting an urgent need for preventive action to avert a public health catastrophe in India.
印度正经历着年轻成年人2型糖尿病（DM）的流行。本研究报告了印度南部2218名年轻成年人（年龄在26 - 32岁；997名城市居民，1221名农村居民）中葡萄糖不耐受、胰岛素谱的患病率，以及它们与生活方式因素的关系。他们来自1969 - 1973年在韦洛尔及附近村庄出生的10691人的队列。记录了家族病史、社会经济状况、身体活动以及烟草和酒精使用情况。按照世界卫生组织的建议进行口服葡萄糖耐量试验以进行诊断。胰岛素抵抗和分泌由血浆胰岛素浓度得出。体重指数中位数为20.0kg/m²。城市人群中2型糖尿病和糖耐量受损（IGT）的患病率高于农村人群（分别为3.7%对2.1%，p = 0.02；18.9%对14.3%，p = 0.002），而空腹血糖受损（IFG）在城市和农村人群中的患病率相似（3.8%对3.4%，p = 0.04）。2型糖尿病、IGT、IFG或更高的胰岛素抵抗及增量与较高的社会经济地位（更多家庭财产）、较高的体脂百分比、体重指数和腰臀比相关。饮酒量较高的男性胰岛素增量较低。我们的数据表明，印度城乡年轻成年人中葡萄糖不耐受水平较高，这凸显了采取预防行动以避免印度发生公共卫生灾难的迫切需求。
