Computed radiography in musculoskeletal imaging: state of the art.

Computed radiography is a 2K x 2K x 10 bit digital radiographic system that replaces the film-screen combination with a photo-stimulable phosphor plate. The advantages of this relatively new technology include linear detector response, improved detector efficiency, and digital processing capabilities. Musculoskeletal applications benefit significantly from these attributes, which result clinically in the ability to reduce both radiation dose and number of exposures. Studies of observers' performance have shown no statistically significant difference in diagnostic accuracy between film-screen and computed radiographic musculoskeletal images. Computed radiography is particularly useful in the evaluation of the musculoskeletal system in traumatized patients with portable radiographs, spine radiographs, scoliosis studies, and depiction of soft-tissue abnormalities. Limitations include change in image format and size, high cost, decreased spatial resolution, restricted throughput, increased perception of noise, and new artifacts that must be recognized. Spatial resolution limitations of computed radiography in identification of fine detail information can be improved by using magnification techniques. Radiation dose reduction with an exposure decrease of 25-50% can be achieved without loss of diagnostic accuracy, although this depends on the examination and the abnormality. An interactive workstation is important in the use of a computed radiographic system with capabilities to adjust display parameters to best depict images and disease. We conclude that computed radiography is an alternative to film-screen radiography without significant differences in diagnostic quality in the evaluation of musculoskeletal images.