Martinez F D, Cline M, Burrows B
Respiratory Sciences Center, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson.
Pediatrics. 1992 Jan;89(1):21-6.
The relationship between parental smoking and both subsequent development of asthma and subsequent lung function (before age 12) was studied in more than 700 children enrolled before age 5. Children of mothers with 12 or fewer years of education and who smoked 10 or more cigarettes per day were 2.5 times more likely (95% confidence interval 1.42 to 4.59; P = .0018) to develop asthma and had 15.7% lower maximal midexpiratory flow (P less than .001) than children of mothers with the same education level who did not smoke or smoked fewer than 10 cigarettes per day. These relationships were independent of self-reported respiratory symptoms in parents. There was no association between maternal smoking and subsequent incidence of asthma or maximal midexpiratory flow among children of mothers with more than 12 years of education. It is concluded that children of lower socioeconomic status may be at considerable risk of developing asthma if their mothers smoke 10 or more cigarettes per day. It is speculated that recently reported increases in prevalence of childhood asthma may be in part related to the increased prevalence of smoking among less educated women.
对700多名5岁前入组的儿童进行了研究，以探讨父母吸烟与哮喘的后续发病以及后续肺功能（12岁前）之间的关系。母亲受教育年限在12年及以下且每天吸烟10支或更多的儿童，患哮喘的可能性是母亲受教育程度相同但不吸烟或每天吸烟少于10支的儿童的2.5倍（95%置信区间为1.42至4.59；P = 0.0018），其最大呼气中期流速比后者低15.7%（P < 0.001）。这些关系与父母自我报告的呼吸道症状无关。在母亲受教育年限超过12年的儿童中，母亲吸烟与哮喘的后续发病率或最大呼气中期流速之间没有关联。研究得出结论，如果母亲每天吸烟10支或更多，社会经济地位较低的儿童患哮喘的风险可能相当高。据推测，最近报告的儿童哮喘患病率上升可能部分与受教育程度较低女性吸烟率上升有关。
