Sausenthaler Stefanie, Koletzko Sibylle, Schaaf Beate, Lehmann Irina, Borte Michael, Herbarth Olf, von Berg Andrea, Wichmann H-Erich, Heinrich Joachim
GSF-National Research Center for Environment and Health, Institute of Epidemiology, Neuherberg, Germany.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2007 Feb;85(2):530-7. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/85.2.530.
Maternal diet during pregnancy might be one of the factors that influences fetal immune responses associated with childhood allergy.
We analyzed the association between maternal diet during the last 4 wk of pregnancy and allergic sensitization and eczema in the offspring at 2 y of age.
Data from 2641 children at 2 y of age were analyzed within a German prospective birth cohort study (LISA). Maternal diet during the last 4 wk of pregnancy was assessed with a semiquantitative food-frequency questionnaire, which was administered shortly after childbirth.
High maternal intake of margarine [adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 1. 49; 95% CI: 1.08, 2.04] and vegetable oils (aOR: 1.48; 95% CI: 1.14, 1.91) during the last 4 wk of pregnancy was positively associated and high maternal fish intake (aOR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.57, 0.98) was inversely associated with eczema during the first 2 y in the offspring. High celery (aOR: 1.85; 95% CI: 1.18, 2.89) and citrus fruit (aOR: 1.73; 95% CI: 1.18, 2.53) intakes increased the risk of sensitization against food allergens. In turn, sensitization against inhalant allergens was positively related to a high maternal intake of deep-frying vegetable fat (aOR: 1.61; 95% CI: 1.02, 2.54), raw sweet pepper (aOR: 2.16; 95% CI: 1.20, 3.90), and citrus fruit (aOR: 1.72; 95% CI: 1.02, 2.92).
We suggest that the intake of allergenic foods and foods rich in n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids during pregnancy may increase and foods rich in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids may decrease the risk of allergic diseases in the offspring.
孕期母亲的饮食可能是影响与儿童期过敏相关的胎儿免疫反应的因素之一。
我们分析了孕期最后4周母亲的饮食与后代2岁时过敏性致敏和湿疹之间的关联。
在一项德国前瞻性出生队列研究（LISA）中，对2641名2岁儿童的数据进行了分析。孕期最后4周母亲的饮食通过产后不久发放的半定量食物频率问卷进行评估。
孕期最后4周母亲人造黄油摄入量高[调整优势比（aOR）：1.49；95%置信区间（CI）：1.08，2.04]和植物油摄入量高（aOR：1.48；95%CI：1.14，1.91）与后代前2年患湿疹呈正相关，而母亲鱼类摄入量高（aOR：0.75；95%CI：0.57，0.98）与后代湿疹呈负相关。芹菜摄入量高（aOR：1.85；95%CI：1.18，2.89）和柑橘类水果摄入量高（aOR：1.73；95%CI：1.18，2.53）会增加对食物过敏原致敏的风险。反过来，对吸入性过敏原致敏与母亲油炸植物油摄入量高（aOR：1.61；95%CI：1.02，2.54）、生甜椒摄入量高（aOR：2.16；95%CI：1.20，3.90）和柑橘类水果摄入量高（aOR：1.72；95%CI：1.02，2.92）呈正相关。
我们认为孕期摄入过敏性食物和富含n-6多不饱和脂肪酸的食物可能会增加后代患过敏性疾病的风险，而富含n-3多不饱和脂肪酸的食物可能会降低这种风险。
