欺凌与受欺负行为的稳定性及其与儿童和青少年社会适应的关联。
Stability in bullying and victimization and its association with social adjustment in childhood and adolescence.
作者信息
Scholte Ron H J, Engels Rutger C M E, Overbeek Geertjan, de Kemp Raymond A T, Haselager Gerbert J T
机构信息
Institute of Family and Child Care Studies, University of Nijmegen, 6500 HE Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
出版信息
J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2007 Apr;35(2):217-28. doi: 10.1007/s10802-006-9074-3. Epub 2007 Feb 13.
This study examined the concurrent and longitudinal associations between stability in bullying and victimization, and social adjustment in childhood and adolescence. Participants were 189 girls and 328 boys who were studied in primary school and in secondary school. The mean age of the participants was 11.1 years in primary school and 14.1 years in secondary school. The measures consisted of peer reported social and personal characteristics. Children who bullied in childhood and adolescence were less liked and more disliked in childhood, and more aggressive and disruptive both in childhood and adolescence, than children who bullied only in childhood or adolescence. Children who bullied or who were victimized only in childhood did not differ largely in adolescence from the children that were never bullies or victims. Children who were victimized in adolescence closely resembled those who were victimized in childhood and adolescence in terms of being liked or disliked, being nominated as a friend, and shyness. The study stresses the need to distinguish between stable and transient bullies and victims.
本研究考察了欺凌和受欺负行为的稳定性与儿童期及青少年期社会适应之间的并发关联和纵向关联。参与者为189名女孩和328名男孩，他们在小学和中学阶段接受研究。参与者在小学时的平均年龄为11.1岁，在中学时为14.1岁。测量指标包括同伴报告的社会和个人特征。与仅在儿童期或青少年期实施欺凌的儿童相比，在儿童期和青少年期都实施欺凌的儿童在儿童期更不受喜欢且更招人厌恶，在儿童期和青少年期都更具攻击性且更爱捣乱。仅在儿童期遭受欺凌或实施欺凌的儿童在青少年期与从未遭受欺凌或实施欺凌的儿童没有太大差异。在青少年期遭受欺凌的儿童在受欢迎程度、被提名为朋友以及害羞程度方面，与在儿童期和青少年期都遭受欺凌的儿童非常相似。该研究强调了区分稳定型和短暂型欺凌者与受害者的必要性。
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