Azadbakht Leila, Kimiagar Masoud, Mehrabi Yadollah, Esmaillzadeh Ahmad, Padyab Mojgan, Hu Frank B, Willett Walter C
Department of Human Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2007 Mar;85(3):735-41. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/85.3.735.
Little evidence exists regarding the effects of soy consumption on the metabolic syndrome in humans.
We aimed to determine the effects of soy consumption on components of the metabolic syndrome, plasma lipids, lipoproteins, insulin resistance, and glycemic control in postmenopausal women with the metabolic syndrome.
This randomized crossover clinical trial was undertaken in 42 postmenopausal women with the metabolic syndrome. Participants were randomly assigned to consume a control diet (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension, DASH), a soy-protein diet, or a soy-nut diet, each for 8 wk. Red meat in the DASH period was replaced by soy-protein in the soy-protein period and by soy-nut in the soy-nut period.
The soy-nut regimen decreased the homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance score significantly compared with the soy-protein (difference in percentage change: -7.4 +/- 0.8; P < 0.01) or control (-12.9 +/- 0.9; P < 0.01) diets. Consumption of soy-nut also reduced fasting plasma glucose more significantly than did the soy-protein (-5.3 +/- 0.5%; P < 0.01) or control (-5.1 +/- 0.6%; P < 0.01) diet. The soy-nut regimen decreased LDL cholesterol more than did the soy-protein period (-5.0 +/- 0.6%; P < 0.01) and the control (-9.5 +/- 0.6%; P < 0.01) diet. Soy-nut consumption significantly reduced serum C-peptide concentrations compared with control diet (-8.0 +/- 2.1; P < 0.01), but consumption of soy-protein did not.
Short-term soy-nut consumption improved glycemic control and lipid profiles in postmenopausal women with the metabolic syndrome.
关于食用大豆对人类代谢综合征影响的证据很少。
我们旨在确定食用大豆对患有代谢综合征的绝经后妇女的代谢综合征组分、血浆脂质、脂蛋白、胰岛素抵抗和血糖控制的影响。
这项随机交叉临床试验在42名患有代谢综合征的绝经后妇女中进行。参与者被随机分配食用对照饮食（终止高血压饮食疗法，DASH）、大豆蛋白饮食或大豆坚果饮食，每种饮食持续8周。在DASH阶段的红肉在大豆蛋白阶段被大豆蛋白替代，在大豆坚果阶段被大豆坚果替代。
与大豆蛋白饮食（百分比变化差异：-7.4±0.8；P<0.01）或对照饮食（-12.9±0.9；P<0.01）相比，大豆坚果饮食方案显著降低了稳态模型评估-胰岛素抵抗评分。食用大豆坚果也比大豆蛋白饮食（-5.3±0.5%；P<0.01）或对照饮食（-5.1±0.6%；P<0.01）更显著地降低空腹血糖。大豆坚果饮食方案比大豆蛋白阶段（-5.0±0.6%；P<0.01）和对照饮食（-9.5±0.6%；P<0.01）更多地降低低密度脂蛋白胆固醇。与对照饮食相比，食用大豆坚果显著降低血清C肽浓度（-8.0±2.1；P<0.01），但食用大豆蛋白则没有。
短期食用大豆坚果可改善患有代谢综合征的绝经后妇女的血糖控制和血脂状况。
