Gentry L O, Lipsky B, Farber M O, Tucker B, Rodriguez-Gomez G
Section of Infectious Diseases, St. Luke's Episcopal Hospital, Houston, TX 77030.
South Med J. 1992 Jan;85(1):14-8. doi: 10.1097/00007611-199201000-00005.
We made an open, noncomparative evaluation of ofloxacin, 400 mg orally bid for 10 days, in 98 subjects with community-acquired pneumonia or pathogen-confirmed bronchitis. Thirty-nine (40%) of the subjects were treated in the hospital and 59 (60%) were treated as outpatients. The mean age of those treated was 56.2 years; 73 (74%) of the subjects either were more than 60 years old or had a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or both. There were 95 organisms initially isolated in sputum, aspirate, or lavage fluid; all were susceptible to ofloxacin, and none acquired resistance during therapy. Haemophilus influenzae was the most common pathogen (19 isolates), followed by Streptococcus pneumoniae (18) and Staphylococcus aureus (10). Clinical responses included cure in 70 patients (71%), improvement in 26 (27%), and failure in two (2%). After 10 days of therapy, pathogens persisted in two cases; in one case, Streptococcus salivarius was isolated, though it remained susceptible to ofloxacin, and in the other, Klebsiella pneumoniae was accompanied by superinfection due to a resistant strain of Serratia marcescens. We included in this study three confirmed cases of atypical pneumonia successfully treated with ofloxacin, two of them due to Mycoplasma pneumonia and one to Legionella pneumophila. Ofloxacin was well tolerated. Our data indicate that ofloxacin is effective and safe as specific and empiric treatment for many lower respiratory tract infections.
我们对98例社区获得性肺炎或病原菌确诊的支气管炎患者进行了一项开放性、非对照性评估，给予口服氧氟沙星400mg，每日两次，共10天。其中39例（40%）患者住院治疗，59例（60%）患者门诊治疗。接受治疗患者的平均年龄为56.2岁；73例（74%）患者年龄超过60岁或有慢性阻塞性肺疾病史，或两者兼有。最初在痰液、吸出物或灌洗液中分离出95种微生物；所有微生物对氧氟沙星均敏感，且治疗期间无耐药产生。流感嗜血杆菌是最常见的病原菌（19株），其次是肺炎链球菌（18株）和金黄色葡萄球菌（10株）。临床疗效包括70例（71%）治愈，26例（27%）改善，2例（2%）治疗失败。治疗10天后，有2例病原菌持续存在；1例分离出唾液链球菌，尽管其对氧氟沙星仍敏感，另1例肺炎克雷伯菌伴有粘质沙雷菌耐药菌株的二重感染。本研究纳入了3例确诊的非典型肺炎患者，均成功用氧氟沙星治疗，其中2例由肺炎支原体引起，1例由嗜肺军团菌引起。氧氟沙星耐受性良好。我们的数据表明，氧氟沙星作为许多下呼吸道感染的特异性和经验性治疗药物是有效且安全的。
