Flores-Huerta Samuel, Acosta-Cázares Benjamín, Rendón-Macías Mario Enrique, Klünder-Klünder Miguel, Gutiérrez-Trujillo Gonzalo
Departamento de Salud Comunitaria, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez.
Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc. 2006;44 Suppl 1:S63-78.
to know the prevalence of healthy or potentially unhealthy food intake in the population insured by the Mexican Institute of Social Security.
food intake was obtained from frequency questionnaires classified as healthy (HF) or potentially unhealthy food (PUF), and according to its nature and frequency consumption. The prevalences according to age groups were obtained for <1 year old and every five years until 19; then, they were recorded by decades, sex, location and place of residence, with or without coast.
in the first year of age, the consumption of HF is low, and the intake of PUF starts, with industrialized juices and soft drinks. Between the first and the ninth year of age, the consumption of HF increases; however, the intake of PUF increases too; there is not a significant intake of red meat, eggs and fish. Throughout adolescence, HF intake and diversity increases, although PUF consumption is higher too. In adults and senior citizens, the kind of HF most frequently consumed were cereals and leguminous plants, but they barely ate fruits and vegetables. The HF of greatest consumption were those of animal origin, and the riskiest ones were very greasy daily products with saturated fat, as well as soft drinks. We found that the population living in the Pacific coast consumes more sea food than the one living in the Gulf coast. We also found that, as people get older, the intake of PUF decreases.
in the first years of life, the proper intake of meat, eggs and fish should be promoted, as well as the consumption of HF and the decrease of food with refined sugar, saturated fat or salt.
了解墨西哥社会保障局参保人群中健康或潜在不健康食物的摄入情况。
通过频率问卷获取食物摄入情况，问卷将食物分为健康食物（HF）或潜在不健康食物（PUF），并根据其性质和消费频率进行分类。按年龄组计算<1岁以及每5年直至19岁人群的患病率；然后，按十年、性别、地理位置和居住地点（有无海岸）进行记录。
在1岁时，健康食物的摄入量较低，开始摄入潜在不健康食物，包括工业化果汁和软饮料。在1至9岁之间，健康食物的摄入量增加；然而，潜在不健康食物的摄入量也增加；红肉、鸡蛋和鱼类的摄入量不显著。在整个青春期，健康食物的摄入量和多样性增加，尽管潜在不健康食物的消费量也更高。在成年人和老年人中，最常食用的健康食物是谷物和豆类植物，但他们几乎不吃水果和蔬菜。消费量最大的健康食物是动物性食物，风险最高的是含饱和脂肪的油腻日常食品以及软饮料。我们发现，生活在太平洋沿岸的人群比生活在墨西哥湾沿岸的人群食用更多海鲜。我们还发现，随着年龄增长，潜在不健康食物的摄入量会减少。
在生命的最初几年，应促进肉类、鸡蛋和鱼类的合理摄入，以及健康食物的消费，并减少食用含精制糖、饱和脂肪或盐的食物。
