Li Zhengkai, Kepkay Paul, Lee Kenneth, King Thomas, Boufadel Michel C, Venosa Albert D
Center for Offshore Oil and Gas Environmental Research, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, P.O. Box 1006, Dartmouth, Canada NS B2Y 4A2.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2007 Jul;54(7):983-93. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2007.02.012. Epub 2007 Apr 11.
The interaction of chemical dispersants and suspended sediments with crude oil influences the fate and transport of oil spills in coastal waters. A wave tank study was conducted to investigate the effects of chemical dispersants and mineral fines on the dispersion of oil and the formation of oil-mineral-aggregates (OMAs) in natural seawater. Results of ultraviolet spectrofluorometry and gas chromatography flame ionized detection analysis indicated that dispersants and mineral fines, alone and in combination, enhanced the dispersion of oil into the water column. Measurements taken with a laser in situ scattering and transmissometer (LISST-100X) showed that the presence of mineral fines increased the total concentration of the suspended particles from 4 to 10microl l(-1), whereas the presence of dispersants decreased the particle size (mass mean diameter) of OMAs from 50 to 10microm. Observation with an epifluorescence microscope indicated that the presence of dispersants, mineral fines, or both in combination significantly increased the number of particles dispersed into the water.
化学分散剂和悬浮沉积物与原油之间的相互作用会影响沿海水域溢油的归宿和迁移。开展了一项波浪水槽研究，以调查化学分散剂和矿物细粉对天然海水中油类分散以及油-矿物聚集体（OMA）形成的影响。紫外光谱荧光法和气相色谱火焰离子化检测分析结果表明，分散剂和矿物细粉单独或共同作用时，均能促进油类在水柱中的分散。使用激光原位散射和透射仪（LISST-100X）进行的测量显示，矿物细粉的存在使悬浮颗粒的总浓度从4增加到10微升/升，而分散剂的存在则使OMA的粒径（质量平均直径）从50减小到10微米。落射荧光显微镜观察表明，分散剂、矿物细粉单独或二者共同存在时，均显著增加了分散到水中的颗粒数量。
