Mar Pollut Bull. 2010 Feb;60(2):244-54. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2009.09.019. Epub 2009 Oct 23.
The use of dispersants to treat oil spills in calm seas is discouraged because there is insufficient 'mixing energy' to cause immediate dispersion of the oil. However, dispersants might be applied while the seas are calm, in the expectation that they would work later when sea states increase. The present study examined the persistence of dispersants in treated oil slicks on calm water in a large outdoor wave tank. Test slicks, pre-mixed with dispersant, were allowed to stand on static and flowing water for up to six days, after which their dispersibility was tested by exposing them to breaking waves. Results showed that thicker slicks exposed to calm water for up to six days dispersed completely with the addition of breaking waves. Thinner slicks and slicks exposed to water movement became less dispersible within two days. The loss of dispersibility was caused by dispersant loss rather than by oil weathering.
在平静的海面上使用分散剂处理浮油是不受鼓励的，因为没有足够的“混合能量”来立即分散油。然而，在海面平静时，可以使用分散剂，预计当海况增加时，它们会发挥作用。本研究在一个大型室外波槽中，检查了在平静水面上处理过的油膜中分散剂的持久性。将预先与分散剂混合的测试油膜放置在静态和流动的水中长达六天，然后通过将其暴露于破浪来测试其分散性。结果表明，在平静的水中暴露长达六天的较厚油膜在添加破浪时会完全分散。较薄的油膜和暴露于水流的油膜在两天内的分散性会降低。分散性的丧失是由于分散剂的损失而不是油的风化造成的。
