COOGER, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Fisheries and Oceans (DFO) Canada, Dartmouth, NS, Canada.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2010 Sep;60(9):1550-9. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2010.04.012. Epub 2010 May 18.
The effectiveness of chemical dispersants (Corexit 9500 and SPC 1000) on heavy fuel oil (IFO180 as test oil) has been evaluated under different wave conditions in a flow-through wave tank. The dispersant effectiveness was determined by measuring oil concentrations and droplet size distributions. An analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) model indicated that wave type and temperature significantly (p<0.05) affected the dynamic dispersant effectiveness (DDE). At higher temperatures (16 degrees C), the test IFO180 was effectively dispersed under breaking waves with a DDE of 90% and 50% for Corexit 9500 and SPC 1000, respectively. The dispersion was ineffective under breaking waves at lower temperature (10 degrees C), and under regular wave conditions at all temperatures (10-17 degrees C), with DDE<15%. Effective chemical dispersion was associated with formation of smaller droplets (with volumetric mean diameters or VMD < or = 200 microm), whereas ineffective dispersion produced large oil droplets (with VMD > or = 400 microm).
在水流波槽中，针对不同波浪条件，评估了化学分散剂（Corexit 9500 和 SPC 1000）对重燃料油（IFO180 作为测试油）的有效性。通过测量油浓度和液滴尺寸分布来确定分散剂的有效性。协方差分析（ANCOVA）模型表明，波浪类型和温度显著（p<0.05）影响动态分散剂效率（DDE）。在较高温度（16 摄氏度）下，测试 IFO180 在破碎波下得到有效分散，Corexit 9500 和 SPC 1000 的 DDE 分别为 90%和 50%。在较低温度（10 摄氏度）下，破碎波下的分散效果不佳，而在所有温度（10-17 摄氏度）下，规则波条件下的 DDE<15%。有效的化学分散与形成较小的液滴（体积平均直径或 VMD <或= 200 微米）有关，而无效的分散则产生较大的油滴（VMD >或= 400 微米）。
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