精神分裂症中的延迟折扣
Delay discounting in schizophrenia.
作者信息
Heerey Erin A, Robinson Benjamin M, McMahon Robert P, Gold James M
机构信息
Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA.
出版信息
Cogn Neuropsychiatry. 2007 May;12(3):213-21. doi: 10.1080/13546800601005900.
Abstract
BACKGROUND
It is well known that individuals with schizophrenia have dopaminergic abnormalities as well as memory-related difficulties, both of which are associated with impulsive decision making. We used a delay discounting measure to test the degree to which patients make future-oriented decisions.
METHODS
42 patients with schizophrenia and 29 healthy participants completed a delay discounting measure along with tests of cognitive function and, in patients, symptom ratings.
RESULTS
Patients discounted more steeply than did comparison participants. Discounting among patients related to memory capacity and tended to relate inversely to negative symptoms.
CONCLUSIONS
The impulsive decision making evidenced by patients suggests that they may be prone to choosing immediate over long-term rewards, even when their interests are better served by choosing the latter. Improving cognitive function may enhance their ability to make future-oriented decisions.
摘要
背景
众所周知，精神分裂症患者存在多巴胺能异常以及与记忆相关的困难，这两者都与冲动决策有关。我们使用延迟折扣测量法来测试患者做出面向未来决策的程度。
方法
42名精神分裂症患者和29名健康参与者完成了一项延迟折扣测量，以及认知功能测试，对患者还进行了症状评定。
结果
与对照组参与者相比，患者的折扣率更高。患者的折扣率与记忆能力有关，且往往与阴性症状呈负相关。
结论
患者表现出的冲动决策表明，他们可能倾向于选择即时奖励而非长期奖励，即使选择后者更符合他们的利益。改善认知功能可能会增强他们做出面向未来决策的能力。
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