Eisenberg Nancy, Ma Yue, Chang Lei, Zhou Qing, West Stephen G, Aiken Leona
Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1104, USA.
Dev Psychopathol. 2007 Spring;19(2):385-409. doi: 10.1017/S0954579407070198.
The purpose of the study was to examine the zero-order and unique relations of effortful attentional and behavioral regulation, reactive impulsivity, and anger/frustration to Chinese first and second graders' internalizing and externalizing symptoms, as well as the prediction of adjustment from the interaction of anger/frustration and effortful control or impulsivity. A parent and teacher reported on children's anger/frustration, effortful control, and impulsivity. Parents reported on children's internalizing symptoms, and teachers and peers reported on children's externalizing symptoms. Children were classified as relatively high on externalizing (or comorbid), internalizing, or nondisordered. High impulsivity and teacher-reported anger/frustration, and low effortful control, were associated with externalizing problems, whereas low effortful control and high parent-reported anger were predictive of internalizing problems. Unique prediction from effortful and reactive control was obtained and these predictors (especially when reported by teachers) often interacted with anger/frustration when predicting problem behavior classification.
该研究的目的是检验努力性注意力和行为调节、反应性冲动以及愤怒/挫折感与中国一年级和二年级学生内化和外化症状之间的零阶关系和独特关系，以及愤怒/挫折感与努力性控制或冲动性的相互作用对适应情况的预测。家长和教师报告了孩子的愤怒/挫折感、努力性控制和冲动性。家长报告了孩子的内化症状，教师和同伴报告了孩子的外化症状。将儿童分为外化（或共病）、内化或无行为障碍程度相对较高的类别。高冲动性、教师报告的愤怒/挫折感以及低努力性控制与外化问题相关，而低努力性控制和家长报告的高愤怒感则可预测内化问题。获得了来自努力性控制和反应性控制的独特预测，并且这些预测因素（尤其是教师报告的）在预测问题行为分类时常常与愤怒/挫折感相互作用。
