Wang Frances L, Chassin Laurie, Eisenberg Nancy, Spinrad Tracy L
Arizona State University.
Child Dev. 2015 Nov-Dec;86(6):1812-29. doi: 10.1111/cdev.12406. Epub 2015 Aug 19.
Effortful control is associated with fewer aggressive-antisocial behaviors (AAB) and depressive symptoms (DEP), but impulsivity may moderate these relations. However, few researchers have considered the effects of AAB-DEP co-occurrence. A multi-informant, multimethod approach assessed 5- to 10-year-olds' effortful control and impulsivity and, 5-6 years later, their AAB and DEP (N = 474). Participants were non-Hispanic Caucasian (59.2%) or Hispanic (27.9%) from a Southwestern U.S. metropolitan area. Low effortful control predicted pure AAB. Low effortful control and low impulsivity predicted pure DEP and co-occurring AAB-DEP. An effortful Control × Impulsivity × Age interaction predicted pure AAB and co-occurring AAB-DEP. For older adolescents, lower effortful control predicted more symptoms only at average and high impulsivity. Results highlight multiple pathways to pure DEP versus pure AAB or co-occurring AAB-DEP.
努力控制与较少的攻击性行为和反社会行为（AAB）以及抑郁症状（DEP）相关，但冲动性可能会调节这些关系。然而，很少有研究人员考虑过AAB和DEP共现的影响。一种多信息源、多方法的方法评估了5至10岁儿童的努力控制和冲动性，并在5至6年后评估了他们的AAB和DEP（N = 474）。参与者来自美国西南部大都市地区，为非西班牙裔白人（59.2%）或西班牙裔（27.9%）。低努力控制预示着单纯的AAB。低努力控制和低冲动性预示着单纯的DEP以及AAB和DEP的共现。努力控制×冲动性×年龄的交互作用预示着单纯的AAB以及AAB和DEP的共现。对于年龄较大的青少年，只有在平均冲动性和高冲动性水平下，较低的努力控制才预示着更多症状。研究结果突出了导致单纯DEP与单纯AAB或AAB和DEP共现的多种途径。
