Destexhe Alain, Hughes Stuart W, Rudolph Michelle, Crunelli Vincenzo
CNRS, Integrative and Computational Neuroscience Unit 1, Avenue de la Terrasse, Gif sur Yvette Cedex 91198, France.
Trends Neurosci. 2007 Jul;30(7):334-42. doi: 10.1016/j.tins.2007.04.006. Epub 2007 May 3.
The slow (<1 Hz) oscillation, with its alternating 'up' and 'down' states in individual neurons, is a defining feature of the electroencephalogram (EEG) during slow-wave sleep (SWS). Although this oscillation is well preserved across mammalian species, its physiological role is unclear. Electrophysiological and computational evidence from the cortex and thalamus now indicates that slow-oscillation 'up' states and the 'activated' state of wakefulness are remarkably similar dynamic entities. This is consistent with behavioural experiments suggesting that slow-oscillation 'up' states provide a context for the replay, and possible consolidation, of previous experience. In this scenario, the T-type Ca(2+) channel-dependent bursts of action potentials that initiate each 'up' state in thalamocortical (TC) neurons might function as triggers for synaptic and cellular plasticity in corticothalamic networks. This review is part of the INMED/TINS special issue Physiogenic and pathogenic oscillations: the beauty and the beast, based on presentations at the annual INMED/TINS symposium (http://inmednet.com).
慢波睡眠（SWS）期间，脑电图（EEG）的一个显著特征是单个神经元呈现出交替的“上”和“下”状态的慢振荡（<1Hz）。尽管这种振荡在哺乳动物物种中保存完好，但其生理作用尚不清楚。来自皮层和丘脑的电生理及计算证据表明，慢振荡的“上”状态与清醒时的“激活”状态是非常相似的动态实体。这与行为实验结果一致，表明慢振荡的“上”状态为先前经验的重演及可能的巩固提供了背景。在这种情况下，丘脑皮质（TC）神经元中引发每个“上”状态的T型Ca(2+)通道依赖性动作电位爆发可能作为皮质丘脑网络中突触和细胞可塑性的触发因素。本综述是基于年度INMED/TINS研讨会（http://inmednet.com）上的报告所形成的INMED/TINS特刊《生理性和致病性振荡：美丽与野兽》的一部分。
