Neuhauser H, Thamm M
Robert Koch-Institut, Berlin, BRD.
Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2007 May-Jun;50(5-6):728-35. doi: 10.1007/s00103-007-0234-6.
Hypertension is one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular disease and ranks among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Hypertension in children is rare, but the blood pressure rank in relation to peers is often maintained from childhood into adulthood and is therefore of great public health relevance. For this reason, one of the aims of the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS) was to collect representative data on blood pressure in children aged 3 to 17 years, in order to create an epidemiological basis for a comprehensive analysis of blood pressure in children and adolescents in Germany. Two oscillometric blood pressure measurements were obtained using an automated device (Datascope Accutorr Plus) and two readings of systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressure and of heart rate were obtained in a standardised fashion in 14.730 children (7203 girls and 7527 boys). The main aim of this article is a detailed description of the blood pressure measurement in KiGGS, which is important for the interpretation of our findings compared to other studies. Our initial results on the distribution of systolic and diastolic blood pressure confirm previous findings of increasing blood pressure with age and height and of higher systolic blood pressure levels among boys compared with girls from the age of 14 years.
高血压是心血管疾病的主要危险因素之一，在全球发病率和死亡率的主要原因中名列前茅。儿童高血压较为罕见，但与同龄人相比的血压排名往往从儿童期持续到成年期，因此具有重大的公共卫生意义。出于这个原因，德国儿童和青少年健康访谈与检查调查（KiGGS）的目标之一是收集3至17岁儿童血压的代表性数据，以便为全面分析德国儿童和青少年的血压建立流行病学基础。使用自动设备（Datascope Accutorr Plus）进行了两次示波血压测量，并以标准化方式在14730名儿童（7203名女孩和7527名男孩）中获取了收缩压、舒张压、平均动脉压和心率的两个读数。本文的主要目的是详细描述KiGGS中的血压测量，这对于与其他研究相比解释我们的研究结果很重要。我们关于收缩压和舒张压分布的初步结果证实了先前的发现，即血压随年龄和身高增加，并且从14岁起男孩的收缩压水平高于女孩。
