Zmeili O S, Soubani A O
Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep, Harper University Hospital, 3990 John R-3 Hudson, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
QJM. 2007 Jun;100(6):317-34. doi: 10.1093/qjmed/hcm035.
Aspergillus spp may cause a variety of pulmonary diseases, depending on immune status and the presence of underlying lung disease. These manifestations range from invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in severely immunocompromised patients, to chronic necrotizing aspergillosis in patients with chronic lung disease and/or mildly compromised immune systems. Aspergilloma is mainly seen in patients with cavitary lung disease, while allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis is described in patients with hypersensitivity to Aspergillus antigens. Recent major advances in the diagnosis and management of pulmonary aspergillosis include the introduction of non-invasive tests, and the development of new antifungal agents, such as azoles and echinocandins, that significantly affect the management and outcome of patients with pulmonary aspergillosis. This review provides a clinical update on the epidemiology, risk factors, clinical presentation, diagnosis and management of the major syndromes associated with pulmonary aspergillosis.
曲霉属真菌可导致多种肺部疾病，这取决于免疫状态和潜在肺部疾病的存在情况。这些表现范围从严重免疫功能低下患者的侵袭性肺曲霉病，到慢性肺病和/或免疫系统轻度受损患者的慢性坏死性肺曲霉病。曲菌球主要见于有空洞性肺病的患者，而变应性支气管肺曲霉病则见于对曲霉抗原过敏的患者。肺曲霉病诊断和管理方面最近的主要进展包括引入非侵入性检测，以及开发新的抗真菌药物，如唑类和棘白菌素类，这些药物显著影响肺曲霉病患者的管理和预后。本综述提供了与肺曲霉病相关的主要综合征的流行病学、危险因素、临床表现、诊断和管理的临床最新情况。
