Department of Medicine, Santa Clara Valley Medical Center, 751 So. Bascom Ave., San Jose, CA 95128-2699, USA.
Immunol Invest. 2011;40(7-8):751-66. doi: 10.3109/08820139.2011.614307.
Invasive aspergillosis has been classically associated with certain risk factors: cytotoxic chemotherapy, prolonged neutropenia, corticosteroids, transplantation, AIDS. However, the literature is growing that this mycosis, particularly pulmonary aspergillosis, can be seen in patients lacking these factors. Many of the latter patients are in the intensive care unit. Other associated conditions include influenza, nonfungal pneumonia, chronic obstructive lung disease, immaturity, sepsis, liver failure, alcoholism, chronic granulomatous disease and surgery. Certain focal sites, such as sinusitis or cerebral aspergillosis, have additional risk factors. This emphasizes the potential importance of a positive culture for Aspergillus in the critically ill, the need for awareness about possible aspergillosis in patients lacking the classical risk factors, and readiness to proceed with appropriate diagnostic maneuvers.
细胞毒性化疗、中性粒细胞减少症迁延、皮质类固醇、移植、艾滋病。然而，越来越多的文献表明，这种真菌感染，尤其是肺曲霉病，也可能发生在没有这些因素的患者中。这些患者中的许多人都在重症监护病房。其他相关疾病包括流感、非真菌性肺炎、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、不成熟、败血症、肝功能衰竭、酗酒、慢性肉芽肿病和手术。某些特定部位，如鼻窦炎或脑曲霉病，还有其他的危险因素。这强调了在重症患者中，曲霉菌的阳性培养可能具有重要意义，需要注意那些缺乏经典危险因素的患者中可能存在的曲霉病，并准备好进行适当的诊断操作。
