Blumenthal J A, Emery C F, Madden D J, Schniebolk S, Riddle M W, Cobb F R, Higginbotham M, Coleman R E
Department of Psychiatry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710.
J Am Geriatr Soc. 1991 Nov;39(11):1065-70. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1991.tb02870.x.
To determine the effects of up to 14 months of aerobic exercise on measures of bone density in older adults.
Randomized controlled trial with subjects assigned to either an aerobic exercise condition, non-aerobic yoga, or a wait list non-exercise control group for 4 months. Aerobic fitness and bone density were evaluated in all subjects at baseline (Time 1) and after 4 months (Time 2). A semi-crossover design was utilized with all subjects completing 4 months of aerobic exercise, followed by another evaluation (Time 3). All subjects were then given the option of 6 additional months of aerobic exercise, after which they had a fourth evaluation (Time 4).
An outpatient exercise rehabilitation facility at a large, major medical center.
One-hundred-one healthy men (n = 50) and women (n = 51) over age 60 (Mean age = 67.0), recruited from the community.
The exercise program included stretching, cycle ergometry, and walking three times per week for 60 minutes throughout the course of the study.
Aerobic fitness (VO2max) as assessed by cycle ergometry, and bone density (bone mineral content) measured by single photon absorptiometry.
Subjects achieved a 10%-15% increase in VO2max after 4 months of exercise training, and 1%-6% further improvement with additional training. Aerobic fitness was associated with significant increases in bone density in men, but not women, who maintained aerobic exercise for 14 months.
确定长达14个月的有氧运动对老年人骨密度指标的影响。
随机对照试验，将受试者分为有氧运动组、非有氧运动瑜伽组或等待名单非运动对照组，为期4个月。在基线时（时间1）和4个月后（时间2）对所有受试者进行有氧适能和骨密度评估。采用半交叉设计，所有受试者先完成4个月的有氧运动，随后进行另一项评估（时间3）。然后所有受试者可选择再进行6个月的有氧运动，之后进行第四次评估（时间4）。
一家大型主要医疗中心的门诊运动康复设施。
从社区招募的101名60岁以上的健康男性（n = 50）和女性（n = 51）（平均年龄 = 67.0岁）。
整个研究过程中，运动计划包括每周三次的伸展运动、蹬车测力法和60分钟的步行。
通过蹬车测力法评估有氧适能（最大摄氧量），通过单光子吸收法测量骨密度（骨矿物质含量）。
运动训练4个月后，受试者的最大摄氧量增加了10%-15%，额外训练后又进一步提高了1%-6%。在持续进行14个月有氧运动的男性中，有氧适能与骨密度显著增加相关，但女性并非如此。
