Tong Zhonghua, Bischoff Marianne, Nies Loring, Applegate Bruce, Turco Ronald F
College of Agriculture, Laboratory for Soil Microbiology, School of Civil Engineering, Ecological Engineering Science Group, Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.
Environ Sci Technol. 2007 Apr 15;41(8):2985-91. doi: 10.1021/es061953l.
The nascent state of the nanoproduct industry calls for important early assessment of environmental impacts before significant releases have occurred. Clearly, the impact of manufactured nanomaterials on key soil processes must be addressed so that an unbiased discussion concerning the environmental consequences of nanotechnology can take place. In this study, soils were treated with either 1 microg C60 g(-1) soil in aqueous suspension (nC60) or 1000 microg C60 g(-1) soil in granularform, a control containing equivalent tetrahydrofuran residues as generated during nC60 formation process or water and incubated for up to 180 days. Treatment effects on soil respiration, both basal and glucose-induced, were evaluated. The effects on the soil microbial community size was evaluated using total phospholipid derived phosphate. The impact on community structure was evaluated using both fatty acid profiles and following extraction of total genomic DNA, by DGGE after PCR amplification of total genomic DNA using bacterial variable V3 region targeted primers. In addition, treatment affects on soil enzymatic activities for beta-glucosidase, acid-phosphatase, dehydrogenase, and urease were followed. Our observations show that the introduction of fullerene, as either C60 or nC60, has little impact on the structure and function of the soil microbial community and microbial processes.
纳米产品行业的初期发展态势要求在纳米产品大量投放市场之前，对其环境影响进行重要的早期评估。显然，必须研究人造纳米材料对关键土壤过程的影响，以便能够对纳米技术的环境后果进行公正的讨论。在本研究中，土壤分别用1微克C60/克土壤的水悬浮液（nC60）或1000微克C60/克土壤的颗粒形式进行处理，设置一个含有与nC60形成过程中产生的等量四氢呋喃残留物的对照，以及用水处理的对照，然后将土壤培养长达180天。评估了处理对基础呼吸和葡萄糖诱导呼吸的影响。使用总磷脂衍生的磷酸盐评估对土壤微生物群落大小的影响。使用脂肪酸谱以及在提取总基因组DNA后，通过使用靶向细菌可变V3区域的引物对总基因组DNA进行PCR扩增后的DGGE来评估对群落结构的影响。此外，还跟踪了处理对土壤中β-葡萄糖苷酶、酸性磷酸酶、脱氢酶和脲酶的酶活性的影响。我们的观察结果表明，无论是以C60还是nC60形式引入富勒烯，对土壤微生物群落的结构和功能以及微生物过程的影响都很小。
