Zar Tausif, Graeber Charles, Perazella Mark A
Sections of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, USA.
Semin Dial. 2007 May-Jun;20(3):217-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1525-139X.2007.00280.x.
Propylene glycol is a commonly used solvent for oral, intravenous, and topical pharmaceutical preparations. Although it is considered safe, large intravenous doses given over a short period of time can be toxic. Underlying renal insufficiency and hepatic dysfunction raise risk for toxicity. Toxic effects include hyperosmolality, increased anion gap metabolic acidosis (due to lactic acidosis), acute kidney injury, and sepsis-like syndrome. Treatment of toxicity includes hemodialysis to effectively remove propylene glycol. Prevention is best achieved by limiting the dose of propylene glycol infused.
丙二醇是一种常用于口服、静脉注射和局部用药制剂的溶剂。尽管它被认为是安全的，但短期内大剂量静脉给药可能有毒性。潜在的肾功能不全和肝功能障碍会增加中毒风险。毒性作用包括高渗性、阴离子间隙增加的代谢性酸中毒（由于乳酸酸中毒）、急性肾损伤和脓毒症样综合征。中毒的治疗包括血液透析以有效清除丙二醇。预防的最佳方法是限制丙二醇的输注剂量。
