在动脉粥样硬化多民族研究（MESA）中，通过主成分分析和降秩回归得出的亚临床动脉粥样硬化标志物与饮食模式之间的关联。
Associations between markers of subclinical atherosclerosis and dietary patterns derived by principal components analysis and reduced rank regression in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).
作者信息
Nettleton Jennifer A, Steffen Lyn M, Schulze Matthias B, Jenny Nancy S, Barr R Graham, Bertoni Alain G, Jacobs David R
机构信息
Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA.
出版信息
Am J Clin Nutr. 2007 Jun;85(6):1615-25. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/85.6.1615.
BACKGROUND
The association between diet and cardiovascular disease (CVD) may be mediated partly through inflammatory processes and reflected by markers of subclinical atherosclerosis.
OBJECTIVE
We investigated whether empirically derived dietary patterns are associated with coronary artery calcium (CAC) and common and internal carotid artery intima media thickness (IMT) and whether prior information about inflammatory processes would increase the strength of the associations.
DESIGN
At baseline, dietary patterns were derived with the use of a food-frequency questionnaire, and inflammatory biomarkers, CAC, and IMT were measured in 5089 participants aged 45-84 y, who had no clinical CVD or diabetes, in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Dietary patterns based on variations in C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, homocysteine, and fibrinogen concentrations were created with reduced rank regression (RRR). Dietary patterns based on variations in food group intake were created with principal components analysis (PCA).
RESULTS
The primary RRR (RRR 1) and PCA (PCA factor 1) dietary patterns were high in total and saturated fat and low in fiber and micronutrients. However, the food sources of these nutrients differed between the dietary patterns. RRR 1 was positively associated with CAC [Agatston score >0: OR (95% CI) for quartile 5 compared with quartile 1 = 1.34 (1.05, 1.71); ln(Agatston score = 1): P for trend = 0.023] and with common carotid IMT [>or=1.0 mm: OR (95% CI) for quartile 5 compared with quartile 1 = 1.33 (0.99, 1.79); ln(common carotid IMT): P for trend = 0.006]. PCA 1 was not associated with CAC or IMT.
CONCLUSION
The results suggest that subtle differences in dietary pattern composition, realized by incorporating measures of inflammatory processes, affect associations with markers of subclinical atherosclerosis.
背景
饮食与心血管疾病（CVD）之间的关联可能部分通过炎症过程介导，并由亚临床动脉粥样硬化的标志物反映出来。
目的
我们调查了根据经验得出的饮食模式是否与冠状动脉钙化（CAC）以及颈总动脉和颈内动脉内膜中层厚度（IMT）相关，以及有关炎症过程的先验信息是否会增强这种关联的强度。
设计
在基线时，使用食物频率问卷得出饮食模式，并在动脉粥样硬化多族裔研究中对5089名年龄在45 - 84岁、无临床CVD或糖尿病的参与者测量炎症生物标志物、CAC和IMT。基于C反应蛋白、白细胞介素-6、同型半胱氨酸和纤维蛋白原浓度变化的饮食模式采用降秩回归（RRR）创建。基于食物组摄入量变化的饮食模式采用主成分分析（PCA）创建。
结果
主要的RRR（RRR 1）和PCA（PCA因子1）饮食模式的总脂肪和饱和脂肪含量高，纤维和微量营养素含量低。然而，这些营养素的食物来源在不同饮食模式之间有所不同。RRR 1与CAC呈正相关[阿加斯顿评分>0：与第1四分位数相比，第5四分位数的比值比（95%置信区间）= 1.34（1.05，1.71）；ln（阿加斯顿评分为1）：趋势P值 = 0.023]，与颈总动脉IMT也呈正相关[≥1.0 mm：与第1四分位数相比，第5四分位数的比值比（95%置信区间）= 1.33（0.99，1.79）；ln（颈总动脉IMT）：趋势P值 = 0.006]。PCA 1与CAC或IMT均无关联。
结论
结果表明，通过纳入炎症过程的测量指标所实现的饮食模式组成的细微差异，会影响与亚临床动脉粥样硬化标志物的关联。
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