Kuwayama Kenji, Inoue Hiroyuki, Phorachata Juthamard, Kongpatnitiroj Kanyanan, Puthaviriyakorn Vichet, Tsujikawa Kenji, Miyaguchi Hajime, Kanamori Tatsuyuki, Iwata Yuko T, Kamo Naoki, Kishi Tohru
National Research Institute of Police Science, 6-3-1, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-0882, Japan.
Forensic Sci Int. 2008 Mar 5;175(2-3):85-92. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2007.05.013. Epub 2007 Jun 13.
Methamphetamine (MA) is one of the most frequently abused drugs worldwide. The aim of this study is to improve the analytical method for profiling MA impurity in order to compare and classify MA crystals seized in different countries and to investigate the relationships between seizures. To compare MA samples seized in Japan and Thailand, the following analytical method was adopted. A 50mg sample of MA.HCl was dissolved in 1ml of buffer solution (four parts 0.1M phosphate buffer, pH 7.0, and one part 10% Na(2)CO(3)), impurities were extracted with 0.5ml of ethyl acetate containing four internal standards (n-decane, n-pentadecane, n-eicosane and n-octacosane) and analyzed by gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector on a DB-5 capillary column (0.32mm i.d.x30m, film thickness 1.0mum). Fourteen characteristic peaks on chromatograms were selected for the comparison and classification of samples, and the data were evaluated by the Euclidean distance of the relative peak areas after logarithmic transformation. Sixty-nine samples seized in Japan and 42 seized in Thailand were analyzed. The samples were classified into four groups roughly by cluster analysis. In addition, when it was difficult to compare samples that had fewer impurities on chromatograms obtained from liquid-liquid extraction (LLE), solid-phase microextraction (SPME) was effective. Because many characteristic peaks were detected using SPME, SPME made it easy to compare samples of high purity. The combination of LLE and SPME was useful for impurity profiling of MA samples seized in different countries.
甲基苯丙胺（MA）是全球滥用最为频繁的毒品之一。本研究旨在改进MA杂质的分析方法，以便对在不同国家查获的MA晶体进行比较和分类，并调查查获情况之间的关系。为比较在日本和泰国查获的MA样本，采用了以下分析方法。将50mg的MA.HCl样品溶解于1ml缓冲溶液（四份0.1M磷酸盐缓冲液，pH 7.0，一份10% Na₂CO₃）中，用含有四种内标物（正癸烷、正十五烷、正二十烷和正二十八烷）的0.5ml乙酸乙酯萃取杂质，并在DB-5毛细管柱（内径0.32mm×30m，膜厚1.0μm）上用火焰离子化检测器进行气相色谱分析。选择色谱图上的14个特征峰用于样本的比较和分类，并通过对数转换后相对峰面积的欧几里得距离对数据进行评估。分析了在日本查获的69个样本和在泰国查获的42个样本。通过聚类分析，样本大致分为四组。此外，当难以比较液液萃取（LLE）得到的色谱图上杂质较少的样本时，固相微萃取（SPME）很有效。由于使用SPME检测到了许多特征峰，SPME便于比较高纯度样本。LLE和SPME的组合对于不同国家查获的MA样本的杂质分析很有用。
