Figueiredo Luiz Tadeu Moraes
Centro de Pesquisa em Virologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2007 Mar-Apr;40(2):224-9. doi: 10.1590/s0037-86822007000200016.
Brazil is a large tropical country (8,514,215 km(2)) with 185,360,000 inhabitants. More than one third of its territory is covered by tropical forests or other natural ecosystems. These provide ideal conditions for the existence of many arboviruses, which are maintained in a large variety of zoonotic cycles. The risk that new arboviruses might emerge in Brazil is related to the existence of large, densely populated cities that are infested by mosquitoes such as Culex and the highly anthropophilic Aedes aegypti. Infected humans or animals may come into these cities from ecological-epidemiological settings where arbovirus zoonoses occur. This study analyzes the risk of emergence of the alphaviruses Mayaro, Venezuelan equine encephalitis, Eastern equine encephalitis and Chikungunya; the flaviviruses yellow fever, Rocio, Saint Louis encephalitis and West Nile; and the orthobunyavirus Oropouche.
巴西是一个幅员辽阔的热带国家（面积8514215平方公里），有1.8536亿居民。其领土的三分之一以上被热带森林或其他自然生态系统覆盖。这些为许多虫媒病毒的生存提供了理想条件，这些病毒在各种各样的人畜共患病循环中得以维持。巴西可能出现新的虫媒病毒的风险与存在大量人口密集且受库蚊和高度嗜人血的埃及伊蚊侵扰的城市有关。受感染的人类或动物可能从发生虫媒病毒人畜共患病的生态流行病学环境进入这些城市。本研究分析了马亚罗病毒、委内瑞拉马脑炎病毒、东部马脑炎病毒和基孔肯雅病毒等甲病毒；黄热病病毒、罗西奥病毒、圣路易斯脑炎病毒和西尼罗河病毒等黄病毒；以及奥罗普切正布尼亚病毒出现的风险。
