Dabbs J M, Jurkovic G J, Frady R L
Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta 30303.
J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1991 Aug;19(4):469-78. doi: 10.1007/BF00919089.
The relationship of salivary testosterone and cortisol concentrations to personality, criminal violence, prison behavior, and parole board decisions was examined among 113 late-adolescent male offenders. Offenders high in testosterone committed more violent crimes, were judged more harshly by the parole board, and violated prison rules more often than those low in testosterone. No main effects for cortisol emerged. However, as expected, a significant interaction between testosterone and cortisol was found, in which cortisol moderated the correlation between testosterone and violence of crime. Cortisol may be a biological indicator of psychological variables (e.g., social withdrawal) that moderate the testosterone-behavior relationship. Paper and pencil measures of personality and behavior showed little relationship to hormones.
在113名青春期晚期男性罪犯中，研究了唾液睾酮和皮质醇浓度与人格、犯罪暴力、监狱行为及假释委员会决定之间的关系。睾酮水平高的罪犯比睾酮水平低的罪犯实施了更多暴力犯罪，被假释委员会评判得更严厉，且更频繁地违反监狱规定。未发现皮质醇的主效应。然而，正如预期的那样，发现睾酮和皮质醇之间存在显著交互作用，其中皮质醇调节了睾酮与犯罪暴力之间的相关性。皮质醇可能是心理变量（如社交退缩）的生物学指标，这些心理变量调节了睾酮与行为之间的关系。纸笔形式的人格和行为测量与激素之间几乎没有关系。
