Mao Lixin, Henderson Gregg
Department of Entomology, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
J Econ Entomol. 2007 Jun;100(3):866-70. doi: 10.1603/0022-0493(2007)100[866:aaaaar]2.0.co;2.
Ku Shen, Sophora flavescens Aiton (Leguminosae), contains alkaloids that possess broad biological activities. This study showed that total matrines (a mixture of the alkaloids), and matrine and oxymatrine (two major alkaloids) had a strong antifeedant effect against Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae), at all tested concentrations (ranging from 0.01 to 5%). Total matrines and matrine also had significantly toxic effects at 5%. The estimated LD50 of total matrines and matrine was 12.3 and 8.6 microg per insect, respectively, after 24 h; 13.3 and 7.1 microg per insect after 48 h; and 10.1 and 4.8 microg per insect after 1 wk. The antifeedant and toxic properties of total matrines- and matrine-treated wood remained effective at least 12 mo after treatment under both light and dark storage conditions. These chemicals have great potential for commercial development as wood treatment agents.
苦参，豆科植物苦参（Sophora flavescens Aiton），含有具有广泛生物活性的生物碱。本研究表明，总生物碱（生物碱混合物）、苦参碱和氧化苦参碱（两种主要生物碱）在所有测试浓度（0.01%至5%）下对台湾乳白蚁（Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki，等翅目：鼻白蚁科）均具有很强的拒食作用。总生物碱和苦参碱在5%浓度时也具有显著的毒性作用。24小时后，总生物碱和苦参碱对每只昆虫的估计半数致死剂量（LD50）分别为12.3微克和8.6微克；48小时后分别为13.3微克和7.1微克；1周后分别为10.1微克和4.8微克。在光照和黑暗储存条件下，经总生物碱和苦参碱处理的木材的拒食和毒性特性在处理后至少12个月内仍然有效。这些化学品作为木材处理剂具有很大的商业开发潜力。
