Joy Nisha, Abraham Z, Soniya E V
Plant Molecular Biology Lab, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram, India.
BMC Genet. 2007 Jun 29;8:42. doi: 10.1186/1471-2156-8-42.
The impact of diseases such as Phytophthora foot rot and the replacement of unproductive cultivars by high yielding ones has brought about the disappearance of varieties in Piper species, like any other crop. Black pepper (King of spices), is a major spice crop consumed throughout the world. It is widely cultivated across various parts of the world apart from India. The different cultivars may be genetically related and could be a source of valuable genes for disease resistance and an increase in quantity and quality. Even though Western Ghats in India is believed to be the site of origin of this crop, numerous accessions from the NBPGR have not yet been evaluated. Our study aims to investigate the genetic relatedness in major cultivars of black pepper using Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism.
Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphic (AFLP) DNA analysis was performed in thirty popular cultivars of black pepper from National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources (NBPGR), India. Fingerprint profiles were generated initially with, five different primer combinations, from which three primer pair combinations (EAGC/MCAA, EAGG/MCTA and EAGC/MCTG) gave consistent and scorable banding patterns. From 173 scorable markers, 158(> 90%) were polymorphic which shows there is considerable variation in the available germplasm. The dendrogram derived by unweighted pair group method analysis (UPGMA) grouped the accessions into three major clusters and four diverse cultivars with only 30% similarity. Karimunda, a widely grown and popular cultivar was unique in the fingerprint profiles obtained.
There are currently few fingerprinting studies using the valuable spice crop black pepper. We found considerable genetic variability among cultivars of black pepper. Fingerprinting analysis with AFLP proved to be an ideal tool for cultivar identification and phylogenetic studies. It shows the high level of polymorphism and the unique characterization of the major cultivars. An extensive range of similarity value between the cultivars was noted (6.01 to 98.13). Further screening of more cultivars will provide valuable information for current breeding programmes.
疫霉根腐病等病害的影响以及高产品种取代低产品种，导致胡椒属植物中的品种像其他作物一样消失。黑胡椒（香料之王）是全球消费的主要香料作物。除印度外，它在世界各地区广泛种植。不同的品种可能存在遗传关联，并且可能是抗病以及提高产量和品质的宝贵基因来源。尽管印度西高止山脉被认为是这种作物的起源地，但国家植物遗传资源局（NBPGR）的许多种质尚未得到评估。我们的研究旨在利用扩增片段长度多态性来研究黑胡椒主要品种之间的遗传相关性。
对来自印度国家植物遗传资源局（NBPGR）的30个流行黑胡椒品种进行了扩增片段长度多态性（AFLP）DNA分析。最初使用五种不同的引物组合生成指纹图谱，其中三种引物对组合（EAGC/MCAA、EAGG/MCTA和EAGC/MCTG）产生了一致且可评分的条带模式。在173个可评分标记中，158个（>90%）是多态性的，这表明现有种质存在相当大的变异。通过非加权配对组方法分析（UPGMA）得出的聚类图将种质分为三个主要类群和四个不同的品种，相似性仅为30%。卡里蒙达是一种广泛种植且受欢迎的品种，在获得的指纹图谱中是独特的。
目前使用珍贵香料作物黑胡椒进行的指纹图谱研究较少。我们发现黑胡椒品种之间存在相当大的遗传变异性。用AFLP进行指纹图谱分析被证明是品种鉴定和系统发育研究的理想工具。它显示了主要品种的高度多态性和独特特征。注意到品种之间的相似性值范围广泛（6.01至98.13）。进一步筛选更多品种将为当前的育种计划提供有价值的信息。
